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在视觉搜索任务中,更快地识别具有特定方向的可抓取目标。

Faster recognition of graspable targets defined by orientation in a visual search task.

机构信息

Department of Psychology, Thompson Rivers University, Kamloops, BC, Canada.

出版信息

Exp Brain Res. 2020 Apr;238(4):905-916. doi: 10.1007/s00221-020-05769-z. Epub 2020 Mar 13.

Abstract

Peri-hand space is the area surrounding the hand. Objects within this space may be subject to increased visuospatial perception, increased attentional prioritization, and slower attentional disengagement compared to more distal objects. This may result from kinesthetic and visual feedback about the location of the hand that projects from the reach and grasp networks of the dorsal visual stream back to occipital visual areas, which in turn, refines cortical visual processing that can subsequently guide skilled motor actions. Thus, we hypothesized that visual stimuli that afford action, which are known to potentiate activity in the dorsal visual stream, would be associated with greater alterations in visual processing when presented near the hand. To test this, participants held their right hand near or far from a touchscreen that presented a visual array containing a single target object that differed from 11 distractor objects by orientation only. The target objects and their accompanying distractors either strongly afforded grasping or did not. Participants identified the target among the distractors by reaching out and touching it with their left index finger while eye-tracking was used to measure visual search times, target recognition times, and search accuracy. The results failed to support the theory of enhanced visual processing of graspable objects near the hand as participants were faster at recognizing graspable compared to non-graspable targets, regardless of the position of the right hand. The results are discussed in relation to the idea that, in addition to potentiating appropriate motor responses, object affordances may also potentiate early visual processes necessary for object recognition.

摘要

peri-hand 空间是围绕手的区域。与更远的物体相比,该空间内的物体可能会增加视觉空间感知、增加注意力优先级和更慢的注意力脱离。这可能是由于来自手部位置的运动和视觉反馈,这些反馈从背侧视觉流的伸手和抓握网络投射回枕叶视觉区域,从而反过来完善了可以随后指导熟练运动动作的皮质视觉处理。因此,我们假设那些提供动作的视觉刺激,已知会增强背侧视觉流的活动,当在靠近手的位置呈现时,与视觉处理的更大改变相关。为了检验这一点,参与者将右手放在触摸屏附近或远处,该触摸屏上呈现一个视觉数组,其中包含一个目标物体,该目标物体与 11 个仅在方向上不同的干扰物体区分开来。目标物体及其伴随的干扰物要么强烈地提供抓握,要么不提供。参与者通过伸出左手食指触摸目标来从干扰物中识别目标,同时使用眼动追踪来测量视觉搜索时间、目标识别时间和搜索准确性。结果未能支持可接近手的可抓握物体的增强视觉处理理论,因为参与者识别可抓握的目标比不可抓握的目标更快,而与右手的位置无关。结果与以下观点有关:除了增强适当的运动反应外,物体的可提供性也可能增强对象识别所需的早期视觉过程。

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