Department of Psychiatry and the Behavioral Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, United States.
Department of Psychology, University of Victoria, Canada.
Child Abuse Negl. 2020 May;103:104421. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104421. Epub 2020 Mar 10.
Some individuals who have been sexually assaulted as adolescents or adults have also been abused in childhood, although it is not clear how different forms of childhood maltreatment are related to adolescent/adult sexual assault, and how earlier abuse alters the relationship between sexual assault and current symptomatology.
We sought to determine which types of child maltreatment are associated with adolescent or adult sexual assault, whether such child maltreatment interacts with sexual assault to predict more severe symptoms, and if sexual assault has unique symptom correlates after controlling for prior child maltreatment.
Participants were 398 women recruited online.
A total of 36 % of women had experienced unwanted sexual contact at age 13 or younger (childhood sexual abuse [CSA]), 32 % had experienced unwanted sexual contact at age 14 or later (adolescent/adult sexual assault), and 24.4 % had experienced both. Of all forms of child maltreatment, only CSA was associated with sexual assault, doubling the risk relative to those without a history of CSA. CSA and sexual assault were each uniquely associated with current symptomatology, however there was no interaction between sexual assault and CSA on psychological symptoms.
CSA is associated with a greater risk of later sexual assault, and both CSA and sexual assault have additive effects on adult symptomatology. However, prior sexual abuse does not appear to exacerbate the effects of sexual assault, and sexual assault is associated with lasting psychological sequelae even when controlling for sexual abuse.
一些在青少年或成年时期遭受过性侵犯的人，也曾在儿童时期遭受过虐待，尽管目前尚不清楚不同形式的儿童虐待与青少年/成年期性侵犯之间存在怎样的关联，以及早期虐待如何改变性侵犯与当前症状之间的关系。
我们旨在确定哪些类型的儿童虐待与青少年或成年期性侵犯相关，此类儿童虐待是否与性侵犯相互作用，从而预测更严重的症状，以及在控制先前的儿童虐待后，性侵犯是否具有独特的症状相关性。
参与者为 398 名在线招募的女性。
共有 36%的女性在 13 岁或更小的时候经历过非自愿的性接触（儿童期性虐待[CSA]），32%在 14 岁或更大的时候经历过非自愿的性接触（青少年/成年期性侵犯），24.4%的女性同时经历过这两种情况。在所有形式的儿童虐待中，只有 CSA 与性侵犯相关，使遭受 CSA 的女性发生性侵犯的风险增加了一倍。然而，CSA 和性侵犯都与当前的症状相关，但性侵犯和 CSA 之间没有相互作用，即性侵犯和 CSA 对心理症状的影响没有交互作用。
CSA 与以后发生性侵犯的风险增加相关，而且 CSA 和性侵犯对成年症状都有累加效应。然而，先前的性虐待似乎不会加重性侵犯的影响，并且即使控制了性虐待，性侵犯仍与持续的心理后遗症相关。
