Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia Ambiental, Department of Oceanography and Ecology, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil.
Department of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark.
Environ Manage. 2020 Jun;65(6):711-724. doi: 10.1007/s00267-020-01279-4. Epub 2020 Mar 15.
Mine-tailing dam bursts occur frequently with attendant implications for the environment and human populations. Institutional preparedness for such events plays an important role in their lasting impact. This study analyzes the stakeholder engagement in the new governance framework created to recover the Doce River ecosystem following the 2015 disaster, where 34 million m of tailings were released, killing 19 people and causing massive impacts on riverine life. Following the disaster, poorly conceived political and management decisions impeded and continue to impede the progress of ecosystem recovery. The post-event management structure shows a centralized and poorly diverse stakeholder pool. We conclude that poor governance structure, and weak law enforcement, are among the main reasons preventing the Doce River post-disaster watershed recovery. A watershed vulnerability analysis combining dam stability and socioeconomic data, concluded that low ratings of socioeconomic performance substantially increase basin vulnerability. We recommend that the watershed committee should be fully involved in the implementation of the program and take a central role so that the most vulnerable communities (including indigenous people) take ownership of ecosystem recovery.
矿山尾矿坝溃坝事件频繁发生，给环境和人类带来了重大影响。机构对这类事件的应急准备在其持久影响中起着重要作用。本研究分析了在 2015 年灾难之后，为恢复多西河生态系统而创建的新治理框架中的利益相关者参与情况，当时有 3400 万立方米的尾矿被释放，造成 19 人死亡，并对河流生物造成了巨大影响。灾难发生后，考虑不周的政治和管理决策阻碍了生态系统恢复的进展，并持续阻碍其进展。灾后管理结构显示出集中化和利益相关者群体多样性不足的特点。我们的结论是，治理结构不佳和执法不力是多西河灾后流域恢复的主要原因之一。对大坝稳定性和社会经济数据进行的流域脆弱性分析表明，社会经济绩效评级较低会大大增加流域的脆弱性。我们建议流域委员会应全面参与该计划的实施，并发挥核心作用，以使最脆弱的社区（包括土著人民）能够拥有生态系统恢复的自主权。
