Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
Department of Economical, Business and Environmental Sciences and Quantitative Methods, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
J Periodontal Res. 2020 Oct;55(5):602-612. doi: 10.1111/jre.12746. Epub 2020 Mar 16.
Vitamin D has been considered to possess anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity, which may be a link for the known interaction of periodontitis (CP) and coronary heart disease (CHD). This study investigated the association between serum vitamin D levels and periodontitis in patients with CP and with CHD. Furthermore, the objective was to determine whether periodontitis and CHD had an impact on serum vitamin D levels.
Using a cross-sectional design, a total of 46 patients with CP, 45 patients with CHD, 45 patients with both CP and CHD, and 43 healthy patients were enrolled in the present study.
Patients in the CP (17.4 ± 5.2 ng/mL) and in the CP + CHD (16.5 ± 5.6 ng/mL) group presented a significantly lower mean serum level of 25(OH)vitamin D compared to patients in the CHD (24.6 ± 3.7 ng/mL) and healthy control groups (29.9 ± 5.4 ng/mL) (P < .001). 25(OH)vitamin D levels were positively correlated with the number of teeth and negatively with C-reactive protein (CRP) and all periodontal parameters (P < .001). In all patients, there was a proportional increase of 25(OH)vitamin D levels with a progressive increase in number of teeth (P-trend <.001) while there were a proportional decrease in 25(OH)vitamin D levels with a progressive increase in clinical attachment level (CAL, P-trend = .001), probing depth (PD, P-trend = .006), and bleeding sites (BOP, P-trend <.001) levels.
Patients with CP and CP + CHD presented significantly lower serum levels of vitamin D compared to CHD and healthy controls. Moreover, the presence of CP negatively influenced serum vitamin D levels.
维生素 D 具有抗炎和抗菌活性，这可能是牙周炎（CP）和冠心病（CHD）之间已知相互作用的一个环节。本研究调查了血清维生素 D 水平与 CP 患者、CHD 患者以及同时患有 CP 和 CHD 的患者的牙周炎之间的关系。此外，本研究的目的还在于确定牙周炎和 CHD 是否会影响血清维生素 D 水平。
采用横断面设计，共纳入 46 例 CP 患者、45 例 CHD 患者、45 例 CP 和 CHD 并存患者和 43 例健康对照者。
CP 组（17.4±5.2ng/mL）和 CP+CHD 组（16.5±5.6ng/mL）患者的血清 25（OH）维生素 D 平均水平明显低于 CHD 组（24.6±3.7ng/mL）和健康对照组（29.9±5.4ng/mL）（P<0.001）。25（OH）维生素 D 水平与牙齿数量呈正相关，与 C 反应蛋白（CRP）和所有牙周参数呈负相关（P<0.001）。在所有患者中，25（OH）维生素 D 水平随牙齿数量的增加呈比例增加（P 趋势<.001），而随临床附着丧失（CAL，P 趋势=.001）、探诊深度（PD，P 趋势=.006）和探诊出血位点（BOP，P 趋势<.001）的增加呈比例降低。
CP 和 CP+CHD 患者的血清维生素 D 水平明显低于 CHD 和健康对照组。此外，CP 的存在会对血清维生素 D 水平产生负面影响。
