[儿童髋部骨折治疗进展]
[Progress of hip fracture treatment in children].
作者信息
Yang Hai, Liu Yang, Liu Lei
机构信息
Department of Othopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P.R.China.
出版信息
Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2020 Mar 15;34(3):404-408. doi: 10.7507/1002-1892.201907005.
OBJECTIVE
To review the progress of hip fracture treatment in children.
METHODS
Literature about the hip fracture treatment in children was extensively reviewed and summarized in terms of anatomy and blood supply, fracture classification, surgical treatment principles, and complications.
RESULTS
The anatomical structure of children's hips and the characteristics of peripheral blood supply constantly change with age. Delbet classification is the most classic classification of hip fracture in children. Children's age and Delbet classification have significant effects on surgical treatment strategies and post-fracture complications. The timing of surgical treatment, accurate anatomical reduction, and appropriate internal fixation can effectively improve the prognosis and reduce the incidence of complications. Common complications include osteonecrosis of the femoral head, coxa vara, premature physeal closure, and nonunion.
CONCLUSION
There are still some controversies on the treatment concept and internal fixation choice for children's hip fracture. So it is necessary to further study the anatomy and blood supply characteristics of children's hip, improve the selection and application skills of internal fixation devices, so as to avoid serious complications.
目的
回顾儿童髋部骨折治疗的进展。
方法
广泛查阅并总结有关儿童髋部骨折治疗的文献，内容涉及解剖结构与血供、骨折分类、手术治疗原则及并发症。
结果
儿童髋部的解剖结构及外周血供特点随年龄不断变化。德尔贝分类是儿童髋部骨折最经典的分类方法。儿童年龄及德尔贝分类对手术治疗策略及骨折后并发症有显著影响。手术时机、精确的解剖复位及合适的内固定可有效改善预后并降低并发症发生率。常见并发症包括股骨头坏死、髋内翻、骨骺过早闭合及骨不连。
结论
儿童髋部骨折的治疗理念及内固定选择仍存在一些争议。因此，有必要进一步研究儿童髋部的解剖及血供特点，提高内固定器械的选择及应用技巧，以避免严重并发症的发生。
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