Ukoh Uchechukwu C, Ujunwa Fortune A, Muoneke Uzoamaka Vivian, Manyike Pius C, Okike Clifford O, Ibe Bede C
Department of Paediatrics, Federal Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Ebonyi, Nigeria.
Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria.
Ann Afr Med. 2020 Jan-Mar;19(1):31-39. doi: 10.4103/aam.aam_21_19.
Adolescence is characterized by a tremendous pace in growth, biological, and psychosocial changes. This may translate to rapid increases in anthropometric parameters and indulgence in youth risk behaviors, and these are the risk factors for arterial hypertension (HTN).
This study aimed to determine the oscillometric blood pressure (BP) profile of apparently healthy secondary school adolescents in Abakaliki metropolis and its relationship with sex and anthropometric variables.
This multistage process selected 2401 students among those aged 10-19 years spanning from August 2015 to January 2016. BP was measured using the oscillometric method. Information on modifiable risk factors for HTN was obtained. Anthropometric parameters were measured. Data were analyzed with Student's t-test, analysis of variance, and correlation analysis.
The mean age (years) of the study population was 15.12 ± 2.29. The mean systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) were 106.72 ± 11.37 mmHg and 63.60 ± 7.34 mmHg, respectively. Females had significantly higher mean DBP but with no significant gender difference in mean SBP. The means of anthropometric parameters were 49.19 ± 10.28 kg, 1.54 ± 0.10 m, and 20.46 ± 2.86 kg/m for weight, height, and body mass index, respectively, and all showed significant gender differences, with females having higher values except for height. A relatively low rate of indulgence in alcohol use compared to another study in the same region as well as a significant association of alcohol use among those found to have HTN was noted. The prevalence of HTN was 4.6%, which was significantly higher in females.
Routine BP monitoring is recommended for adolescents, especially those with prevailing risk factors including a family history of HTN, obesity, and substance and alcohol misuse. Early detection will help in mitigating the effect of these cardiovascular risk factors.
青春期的特点是生长速度极快，伴有生理和心理社会变化。这可能表现为人体测量参数迅速增加以及青少年冒险行为增多，而这些都是动脉高血压（HTN）的危险因素。
本研究旨在确定阿巴卡利基市表面健康的中学青少年的示波血压（BP）特征及其与性别和人体测量变量的关系。
该多阶段研究在2015年8月至2016年1月期间，从10至19岁的学生中选取了2401名。使用示波法测量血压。获取了有关HTN可改变危险因素的信息。测量了人体测量参数。数据采用学生t检验、方差分析和相关分析进行分析。
研究人群的平均年龄（岁）为15.12±2.29。平均收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP）分别为106.72±11.37 mmHg和63.60±7.34 mmHg。女性的平均DBP显著更高，但平均SBP无显著性别差异。体重、身高和体重指数的人体测量参数平均值分别为49.19±10.28 kg、1.54±0.10 m和20.46±2.86 kg/m，所有这些参数均显示出显著的性别差异，除身高外女性的值更高。与同一地区的另一项研究相比，饮酒率相对较低，并且在患有HTN的人群中发现饮酒与HTN存在显著关联。HTN的患病率为4.6%，女性患病率显著更高。
建议对青少年进行常规血压监测，尤其是那些存在包括HTN家族史、肥胖以及药物和酒精滥用等主要危险因素的青少年。早期发现将有助于减轻这些心血管危险因素的影响。
