Zakir Shaik Mohammed, Alam Md Shahid, Askari Saiyid Nasir, Imran Mohd
Institute of Ophthalmology, J N Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Department of Orbit, Oculoplasty, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Services, Aditya Birla Sankara Nethralaya, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
Oman J Ophthalmol. 2020 Feb 17;13(1):24-28. doi: 10.4103/ojo.OJO_194_2018. eCollection 2020 Jan-Apr.
The aim of this study was to identify the ocular morbidity pattern among children attending a blind school in North India and comparing the data with similar studies conducted across India and abroad.
This was a cross-sectional observational study.
A cross-sectional study was performed during September 2017 where 94 students attending a blind school were interviewed, and a detailed ocular examination was performed by an ophthalmologist.
Sixty-three (67%) children were blind since birth and 29 (30.9%) had absolute blindness. Anatomical site of blindness included retinal disorders in 38 (40.42%), whole globe pathology in 20 (21.40%), optic nerve disorders in 17 (18.09%), corneal diseases in eight (8.51%), and congenital cataract in four (4.26%). A history of consanguinity among parents was reported by 12 (12.8%) students. Blindness was potentially avoidable in 22 (23.4%) children.
Retinal pathologies were the most common cause for blindness in the present study. The proportion of corneal scarring and congenital cataract is decreasing and majority of cases had unavoidable or incurable blindness. Health education about consanguineous marriages, establishment of pediatric ophthalmology units across the country is essential to eliminate or minimize avoidable blindness among children.
本研究旨在确定印度北部一所盲人学校儿童的眼部发病模式，并将数据与印度和国外进行的类似研究进行比较。
这是一项横断面观察性研究。
2017年9月进行了一项横断面研究，对一所盲人学校的94名学生进行了访谈，并由一名眼科医生进行了详细的眼部检查。
63名（67%）儿童自出生起失明，29名（30.9%）为绝对失明。失明的解剖部位包括视网膜疾病38例（40.42%）、全眼球病变20例（21.40%）、视神经疾病17例（18.09%）、角膜疾病8例（8.51%）、先天性白内障4例（4.26%）。12名（12.8%）学生报告其父母有近亲结婚史。22名（23.4%）儿童的失明可能是可避免的。
视网膜病变是本研究中失明的最常见原因。角膜瘢痕和先天性白内障的比例正在下降，大多数病例为不可避免或无法治愈的失明。开展关于近亲结婚的健康教育，在全国建立小儿眼科单位，对于消除或减少儿童可避免的失明至关重要。
