Martino Gabriella, Caputo Andrea, Bellone Federica, Quattropani Maria C, Vicario Carmelo M
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Front Psychol. 2020 Feb 26;11:267. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00267. eCollection 2020.
Clinical psychological features may impact a person's aptitude to deal with chronic diseases, leading to emotional distress, suffering, and a worse perceived quality of life (QoL). Chronic diseases are largely represented, and their incidence is constantly increasing all over the world. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most common chronic diseases and it is very difficult to manage, demanding long term self-management, which improves the perceived QoL. The aim of this study was to explore defense mechanisms, depression, QoL, time since diagnosis, and metabolic control in T2DM patients.
51 patients with T2DM were assessed through a psychodiagnostic battery: Beck Depression Inventory-II, the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey, including indexes of Physical and Mental Component Summary and the Defense Mechanisms Inventory. Times since DM diagnosis and glycated hemoglobin values were detected.
Participants were mainly female (62.74%), with a mean age of 66.1 years. T2M time since diagnosis was 11.77 years (SD = 7.1). Mild depression was detected (with an overall score between 13 and 19). was significantly associated with higher depression and with lower physical well-being; was negatively associated with depression and positively with both physical and mental well-being. correlated positively with physical well-being and negatively with mental well-being. was associated with lower depression and higher mental well-being. A negative high correlation emerged between depression and mental well-being. Finally, a significant relationship was found between Projection and higher time since diagnosis ( = 0.31, < 0.05).
The correlations between defense mechanisms, depression and health-related QoL highlight the potential personification and protagonization, which may increase over time due to the illness intrusiveness and worsening of diabetes symptoms. The positive association between defensive strategies and well-being measures should be cautiously considered.
临床心理特征可能会影响一个人应对慢性病的能力，导致情绪困扰、痛苦和较差的生活质量（QoL）感知。慢性病在很大程度上存在，并且其发病率在全球范围内持续上升。2型糖尿病（T2DM）是最常见的慢性病之一，而且很难管理，需要长期自我管理，这可以改善生活质量感知。本研究的目的是探讨T2DM患者的防御机制、抑郁、生活质量、诊断后的时间以及代谢控制情况。
通过一套心理诊断测试对51名T2DM患者进行评估：贝克抑郁量表第二版、36项简短健康调查，包括身体和心理成分总结指标以及防御机制量表。检测糖尿病诊断后的时间和糖化血红蛋白值。
参与者主要为女性（62.74%），平均年龄为66.1岁。自诊断以来的T2M时间为11.77年（标准差 = 7.1）。检测到轻度抑郁（总分在13至19之间）。 与较高的抑郁和较低的身体健康显著相关； 与抑郁呈负相关，与身体和心理健康均呈正相关。 与身体健康呈正相关，与心理健康呈负相关。 与较低的抑郁和较高的心理健康相关。抑郁与心理健康之间出现了高度负相关。最后，发现投射与诊断后的较长时间之间存在显著关系（ = 0.31， < 0.05）。
防御机制、抑郁与健康相关生活质量之间的相关性突出了潜在的人格化和主角化，由于疾病的侵扰性和糖尿病症状的恶化，这种情况可能会随着时间的推移而增加。防御策略与幸福感指标之间的正相关关系应谨慎考虑。
