Madkhali Norah Abdullah Bazek
Department of Nursing, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia.
Healthcare (Basel). 2024 Aug 27;12(17):1710. doi: 10.3390/healthcare12171710.
(1) Background: During and after the pandemic, individuals with type 1 and type 2 diabetes struggled to maintain a healthy lifestyle due to psychological distress and the struggle to accommodate contextual challenges and changes in their family and work obligations and expectations. This study aims to explore the long-term impacts of the pandemic on proactive self-management behaviors and outcomes that consider contextual and environmental factors, such as family and work dynamics. (2) Methods: In this mixed-method study, data were collected from 418 participants using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), followed by 16 individual interviews. (3) Results: The prevalence of depression was 37.1%, that of anxiety was 59.1%, and that of insomnia was 66.3%. Significant differences were observed in anxiety by age ( = 0.02), while individuals with other comorbidities were more likely to report insomnia ( = 0.3). Overall, various challenges during the pandemic have exacerbated emotional distress and complicated self-care routines and adherence to healthy lifestyles. (5) Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic has prompted individuals with type 1 and 2 diabetes to adopt alternative health-management methods, such as self-care, proactive initiatives, and daily challenges. Enhancing proactiveness, awareness, and an understanding of individuals' needs is crucial for alleviating stress, controlling disease, and preparing for potential future health crises in the wake of the pandemic's long-term effects.
(1) 背景：在疫情期间及之后，1型和2型糖尿病患者因心理困扰以及难以应对家庭和工作责任及期望方面的背景挑战和变化，难以维持健康的生活方式。本研究旨在探讨疫情对积极自我管理行为及结果的长期影响，同时考虑家庭和工作动态等背景和环境因素。(2) 方法：在这项混合方法研究中，使用医院焦虑抑郁量表（HADS）和失眠严重指数（ISI）从418名参与者中收集数据，随后进行了16次个人访谈。(3) 结果：抑郁症患病率为37.1%，焦虑症患病率为59.1%，失眠症患病率为66.3%。年龄在焦虑方面存在显著差异（=0.02），而患有其他合并症的个体更有可能报告失眠（=0.3）。总体而言，疫情期间的各种挑战加剧了情绪困扰，使自我护理常规和坚持健康生活方式变得复杂。(5) 结论：新冠疫情促使1型和2型糖尿病患者采用替代健康管理方法，如自我护理、积极主动措施和日常挑战。提高主动性、意识以及对个体需求的理解对于缓解压力、控制疾病以及在疫情长期影响下为未来潜在的健康危机做好准备至关重要。
