Deputy of Research and Technology, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran.
Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2020 Feb 26;11:42. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00042. eCollection 2020.
Obesity has become a common health problem all over the world. Benefiting from a national representative sample, the present study aimed to estimate the prevalence of overweight/obesity and the distribution of Body Mass Index (BMI) levels in the Iranian adult population, by sex, age, and geographical distribution. This was a large-scale national cross-sectional study of Non-communicable Diseases risk factor surveillance in Iran. Through a systematic random sampling cluster, 31,050 Iranian adult participants aged 18 years and over were enrolled in the study. The main research tools were used to assess three different levels of data, namely: (1) demographic, epidemiologic, and risk-related behavioral data, (2) physical measurements, and (3) lab measurements. Anthropometric measurements were taken using standard protocols and calibrated instruments. In 2016, the national prevalence rates of normal weight, obesity, and overweight/obesity among Iranian adults were, 36.7% (95% CI: 36.1-37.3), 22.7% (22.2-23.2), and 59.3% (58.7-59.9), respectively. There was a significant difference between the prevalence of obesity among males [15.3% (14.7-15.9)] and females [29.8% (29.0-30.5)] ( < 0.001). The 55-64 [31.5% (30.1-33.0)] and the 18-24 [8.3% (7.3-9.4)] year-old age groups had the highest and lowest prevalence of obesity, respectively. The results show a geographical pattern at provincial level, where the level of BMI increases among populations ranging from the southeastern to the northwestern regions of the country. The highest provincial prevalence of obesity was almost 2.5-fold higher than the lowest provincial prevalence. We found a significant difference between the prevalence of obesity in males and females. Moreover, there was a considerable difference in the geographical pattern of the prevalence of obesity and overweight. Further evidence is warranted to promote strategies and interventions related to prevention and control of factors that are associated with weight gain.
肥胖已成为全球普遍存在的健康问题。本研究利用全国代表性样本，旨在估计伊朗成年人群中超重/肥胖的流行率以及体重指数（BMI）水平的分布情况，包括按性别、年龄和地理分布进行的分析。这是一项伊朗非传染性疾病危险因素监测的大规模全国性横断面研究。通过系统随机抽样聚类，共纳入了 31050 名年龄在 18 岁及以上的伊朗成年参与者。主要研究工具用于评估三个不同层次的数据，包括：（1）人口统计学、流行病学和与风险相关的行为数据；（2）身体测量值；（3）实验室测量值。采用标准方案和校准仪器进行人体测量。2016 年，伊朗成年人正常体重、肥胖和超重/肥胖的全国流行率分别为 36.7%（95%置信区间：36.1-37.3）、22.7%（22.2-23.2）和 59.3%（58.7-59.9）。男性（15.3%（14.7-15.9））和女性（29.8%（29.0-30.5））之间的肥胖流行率存在显著差异（<0.001）。55-64 岁（31.5%（30.1-33.0））和 18-24 岁（8.3%（7.3-9.4））年龄组的肥胖流行率最高和最低。结果显示，按省份划分存在地理模式，BMI 水平在从东南部到西北部的人群中逐渐升高。肥胖流行率最高的省份几乎是肥胖流行率最低的省份的 2.5 倍。我们发现男性和女性的肥胖流行率存在显著差异。此外，超重和肥胖的流行率在地理分布上也存在显著差异。需要进一步的证据来推广与预防和控制体重增加相关的策略和干预措施。
