Darwesh Nabil, Naser Ramzy S M, Al-Qawati Mohammed, Raweh Shaker, El Kharrim Khadija, Belghyti Driss
Laboratory of Agro-Physiology, Biotechnology, Environment and Quality, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra, Morocco.
General Directorate of Environmental Health, Sana'a, Yemen.
J Health Pollut. 2020 Feb 28;10(25):200309. doi: 10.5696/2156-9614-10.25.200309. eCollection 2020 Mar.
Groundwater is an important source of drinking water for human and animal populations and therefore should be protected from pollution. The study area, Sidi Slimane, is in the western region of Morocco, which is a highly important agricultural area.
The aim of the present study was to assess the suitability of groundwater for drinking in the Sidi Slimane region.
Twenty (20) samples were collected from different locations in the study area in 2015 in order to evaluate the quality of groundwater for human consumption. Collection, transportation and analysis of samples were performed according to the Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater of the American Public Health Association (APHA), 2017. The major ions (cations and anions), ammonium (NH ), pH and electrical conductivity (EC) of the groundwater samples were analyzed. Total dissolved solids (TDS) and total hardness (TH) parameters were calculated on the basis of obtained chemical data. ArcGIS program (version 10.4.1) was used in the preparation of topographic and hydrological maps of the study area.
Groundwater showed high concentrations of most parameters of drinking water quality according to Moroccan and international standards. Groundwater was brackish and very hard. The results showed that sodium and chloride ions were the predominant ions. Salinity was present at low depths. The majority of groundwater samples in the study area (18 out of 20) were sodium chloride type, and only 2 samples were mixed calcium-magnesiumchlorine type.
The obtained results were compared with the Moroccan standards for drinking water. The results show that 100%, 75%, 70%, 70%, 65% and 55% of groundwater samples exceeded the permissible limits for drinking water quality according to the Moroccan standard with regard to sodium, calcium, TDS, EC, chlorine, and nitrate, respectively.
Most of the groundwater samples in the study area showed poor drinking water quality. Groundwater quality must be protected by controlling the use of pesticides, fertilizers, manure, and harmful irrigation practices.
The authors declare no competing financial interests.
地下水是人类和动物群体重要的饮用水源，因此应防止其受到污染。研究区域西迪·希勒曼位于摩洛哥西部地区，该地区是一个非常重要的农业区。
本研究旨在评估西迪·希勒曼地区地下水作为饮用水的适宜性。
2015年从研究区域的不同地点采集了20个样本，以评估供人类饮用的地下水质量。样本的采集、运输和分析均按照美国公共卫生协会（APHA）2017年《水和废水检验标准方法》进行。对地下水样本的主要离子（阳离子和阴离子）、铵（NH）、pH值和电导率（EC）进行了分析。根据获得的化学数据计算了总溶解固体（TDS）和总硬度（TH）参数。使用ArcGIS程序（版本10.4.1）绘制了研究区域的地形和水文地图。
根据摩洛哥和国际标准，地下水的大多数饮用水质量参数浓度较高。地下水微咸且硬度极高。结果表明，钠离子和氯离子是主要离子。浅层存在盐分。研究区域的大多数地下水样本（20个中有18个）为氯化钠型，只有2个样本为钙镁氯混合型。
将所得结果与摩洛哥饮用水标准进行了比较。结果表明，根据摩洛哥标准，分别有100%、75%、70%、70%、65%和55%的地下水样本在钠、钙、TDS、EC、氯和硝酸盐方面超过了饮用水质量的允许限值。
研究区域的大多数地下水样本显示饮用水质量较差。必须通过控制农药、化肥、粪肥的使用以及有害的灌溉方式来保护地下水质量。
作者声明不存在相互竞争的财务利益。
