Hurst Roger D, Lyall Kirsty A, Wells Robyn W, Sawyer Gregory M, Lomiwes Dominic, Ngametua Nayer, Hurst Suzanne M
Food Innovation Portfolio, The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Ltd., Palmerston North, New Zealand.
Food Innovation Portfolio, The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Ltd., Hamilton, New Zealand.
Front Nutr. 2020 Feb 27;7:16. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2020.00016. eCollection 2020.
Regular exercise is essential to a healthy lifestyle but evokes an oxidative and inflammatory stress. Depending upon its intensity and duration this can result in either beneficial adaptive changes or underlying tissue damage that impacts upon long-term health and individual sporting training schedules. Functional foods containing plant bioactives have potential to support exercise through management of the detrimental aspects of exercise and complement ergonomic adaptive benefits. Previously we reported that a single consumption of a 3.2 mg/kg New Zealand blackcurrant anthocyanin-rich extract (BAE) 1 h before a 30 min rowing exercise attenuated moderate exercise-mediated oxidative stress and supported innate immunity. Here we evaluate whether the efficacy of a single consumption of BAE 1 h prior to exercise is changed after extended daily BAE consumption for 5 weeks. On week 1, a single consumption of BAE 1 h before a 30 min row mediated a significant ( < 0.05) 46% reduction in post-exercise-induced malondialdehyde (MDA) by 2 h compared to a 30% reduction in the placebo group. Similar efficacy was observed 5 weeks later after daily consumption of BAE. In addition, daily BAE consumption for 5 weeks improved the efficacy to (a) resolve acute inflammation, and (b) increased plasma IL-10, salivary beta-defensin 2 (BD2) and secretory IgA. Although no change in plasma antioxidant capacity was detected, a significant ( < 0.009) positive correlation between plasma IL-10 and plasma antioxidant capacity ( = 0.35) was observed on week 6 after 5 week BAE consumption suggesting IL-10 influences antioxidant properties. Using a differentiated myotubule cell-line revealed that whilst IL-10 had no direct antioxidant neutralizing action, longer-term exposure (24 h) attenuated 2,2'-Azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH)-induced myotubule oxidative stress, supporting a putative role for IL-10 in the modulation of cellular antioxidant systems. Daily consumption of BAE for 5 weeks serves to enhance the exercise recovery effectiveness of a single consumption of BAE and promotes beneficial/protective antioxidant/anti-inflammatory cellular events that facilitate exercise recovery.
规律运动对健康的生活方式至关重要，但会引发氧化应激和炎症应激。根据运动的强度和持续时间，这可能会导致有益的适应性变化或潜在的组织损伤，从而影响长期健康和个人运动训练计划。含有植物生物活性成分的功能性食品有潜力通过管理运动的有害方面来支持运动，并补充符合人体工程学的适应性益处。此前我们报道，在30分钟划船运动前1小时单次食用3.2毫克/千克富含新西兰黑加仑花青素的提取物（BAE）可减轻适度运动介导的氧化应激，并支持先天免疫。在此，我们评估在每天食用BAE 5周后，运动前1小时单次食用BAE的效果是否会发生变化。在第1周，与安慰剂组30%的降低幅度相比，在30分钟划船运动前1小时单次食用BAE可使运动后2小时诱导产生的丙二醛（MDA）显著（<0.05）降低46%。在每天食用BAE 5周后，5周后观察到了类似的效果。此外，连续5周每天食用BAE提高了（a）消除急性炎症的效果，以及（b）增加了血浆白细胞介素-10（IL-10）、唾液β-防御素2（BD2）和分泌型免疫球蛋白A（sIgA）。虽然未检测到血浆抗氧化能力的变化，但在连续5周食用BAE后的第6周，观察到血浆IL-10与血浆抗氧化能力之间存在显著（<0.009）正相关（r = 0.35），表明IL-10影响抗氧化特性。使用分化的肌管细胞系显示，虽然IL-10没有直接的抗氧化中和作用，但长期暴露（24小时）可减轻2,2'-偶氮二异丁脒盐酸盐（AAPH）诱导的肌管氧化应激，支持IL-10在调节细胞抗氧化系统中的假定作用。连续5周每天食用BAE有助于提高单次食用BAE的运动恢复效果，并促进有益/保护性的抗氧化/抗炎细胞事件，从而促进运动恢复。
