Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
J Pediatr Rehabil Med. 2020;13(1):37-46. doi: 10.3233/PRM-180570.
Youth with physical disabilities have lower psychosocial health and attention compared to their typically developing peers. Recent research has shown positive associations between sports participation and these outcomes. The purpose of the current study was to explore whether a school-based sports program affects psychosocial health and attention in youth with physical disabilities.
Seventy children and adolescents (mean age (SD) 13.8 (2.9) years, aged 8-19 years, 54% boys) with physical disabilities were included in this quasi-experimental study from schools for special education. The sports group (n= 31) followed a school-based sports program (45 min/week) for six months. The control group followed the regular curriculum. Psychosocial health was assessed with self-perception (Self-Perception Profile for Children) and quality of life (DISABKIDS Chronic Generic Measure, DCGM-37). Attention was measured with experimental tasks on search efficiency, sustained attention, and distractibility.
Linear regression analyses revealed no differences between the sports and control group for self-perception, quality of life, and attention.
A school-based sports program seems to have no effect on psychosocial health and attention in youth with physical disabilities. Research into the important factors influencing these variables is needed before further resources can be given to improve sports participation for increasing psychosocial health and attention.
与典型发展同龄人相比，身体残疾的青年在社会心理健康和注意力方面较差。最近的研究表明，参与体育运动与这些结果之间存在积极的关联。本研究的目的是探讨基于学校的体育计划是否会影响身体残疾青年的社会心理健康和注意力。
本研究采用准实验设计，共纳入 70 名（平均年龄（标准差）为 13.8（2.9）岁，年龄为 8-19 岁，54%为男性）来自特殊教育学校的身体残疾儿童和青少年。实验组（n=31）参加了为期六个月的基于学校的体育计划（每周 45 分钟）。对照组则遵循常规课程。社会心理健康采用自我知觉量表（儿童自我知觉量表）和生活质量（残疾儿童生活质量量表，DCGM-37）进行评估。注意力则通过搜索效率、持续注意力和分心的实验任务进行测量。
线性回归分析显示，实验组和对照组在自我知觉、生活质量和注意力方面没有差异。
基于学校的体育计划似乎对身体残疾青年的社会心理健康和注意力没有影响。需要研究影响这些变量的重要因素，然后才能进一步投入资源来增加体育参与度，以提高社会心理健康和注意力。
