Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacognosy, Center for Molecular Biosciences (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
Daniel-Swarovski Research Laboratory, Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Innsbruck Medical University, Innrain 66, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
Biomolecules. 2020 Mar 12;10(3):438. doi: 10.3390/biom10030438.
The genus , belonging to the Primulaceae family, encompasses more than 50 species worldwide with a center of diversity located in the arid Irano-Turanian mountains. In this study, a phytochemical investigation of the aerial parts of Bioss. led to the isolation of 24 phenolic compounds - and -, and one sesquiterpenoid . Compound was identified as new natural product, while isolation of and , already known as synthetic products, from a natural source is reported for the first time in the present study. Isolation of compound from a species and indeed the whole Primulaceae family is reported for the first time too. Structure elucidation was performed by extensive spectroscopic analyses (1D-, 2D-NMR, and MS), and by comparison with reported literature data. Furthermore, DP4+ chemical shift probability calculations were performed to establish the relative configuration of compound . Additionally, subfractions obtained by liquid-liquid extraction of the methanolic extract of the plant, and subsequently the isolated new and selected known compounds -, , - obtained from the diethyl ether subfraction were investigated for their inhibitory effect on NO release and iNOS and COX-2 expression in J774A.1 murine macrophages. The results showed a potential anti-inflammatory activity of the obtained subfractions, of which the diethyl ether subfraction was the most active one in inhibiting NO release and COX-2 expression ( < 0.001). Among the investigated isolated compounds, compound significantly ( < 0.001) inhibited NO release and iNOS and COX-2 expression in a comparable manner like the used positive controls (L-NAME and indomethacin, respectively). Moreover, other isolated substances displayed moderate to high inhibitory activities, illustrating the potential anti-inflammatory activity of .
属, 隶属于报春花科, 全世界有超过 50 个物种, 多样性中心位于干旱的伊朗-图兰山地。在这项研究中, 对 生物的地上部分进行了植物化学研究, 分离出了 24 种酚类化合物——和, 以及一种倍半萜烯。化合物 被鉴定为新的天然产物, 而 和, 已经是合成产物, 从天然来源中分离出来, 这在本研究中是首次报道。从 种中分离出化合物 , 实际上是从整个报春花科中分离出来, 这也是首次报道。结构鉴定通过广泛的光谱分析 (1D-, 2D-NMR 和 MS) , 以及与文献报道数据的比较来完成。此外, 通过 DP4+ 化学位移概率计算确定了化合物 的相对构型。此外, 通过植物甲醇提取物的液 -液萃取获得的亚馏分, 以及随后从二乙醚亚馏分中分离得到的新的和选定的已知化合物——,, -, 对其抑制 J774A.1 鼠巨噬细胞中 NO 释放和 iNOS 和 COX-2 表达的作用进行了研究。结果表明, 获得的亚馏分具有潜在的抗炎活性, 其中二乙醚亚馏分在抑制 NO 释放和 COX-2 表达方面最有效 ( < 0.001)。在所研究的分离化合物中, 化合物 显著 ( < 0.001) 抑制了 NO 释放以及 iNOS 和 COX-2 的表达, 与使用的阳性对照物 (L-NAME 和吲哚美辛, 分别) 相似。此外, 其他分离出的物质显示出中等至高度的抑制活性, 说明了 的潜在抗炎活性。
