Spacesuit Laboratory, Austrian Space Forum, Innsbruck, Austria.
Human Spaceflight, Space Application Services, Zaventem, Belgium.
Astrobiology. 2020 Nov;20(11):1295-1302. doi: 10.1089/ast.2019.2034. Epub 2020 Mar 16.
Analog research of human or combined human and robotic missions is an established tool to explore the workflows, instruments, risks, and challenges of future planetary surface missions in a representative terrestrial environment. Analog missions that emulate selected aspects of such expeditions have risen in number, expanded their range of disciplines covered, and seen a significant increase in their operational and programmatic impact on mission planning. We propose a method to compare analog missions across agencies, disciplines, and complexities/fidelities to improve scientific output and mission safety and maximize effectiveness and efficiency. This algorithm measures mission performance, provides a tool for an objective postmission evaluation, and catalyzes programmatic progress. It does not evaluate individual sites or instruments but focuses at mission level. By applying the algorithm to several missions, we compare the missions' performance for benchmarking purposes. Methodically, a combination of objective data sets and questionnaires is used to evaluate three areas: two sections of closed and quantitative questions and a third section dedicated to the level or representativeness of the test site. By using a weighted metric, the complexity and fidelity of a mission are compared with reference missions, which yield strengths and weaknesses in mission planning.
在具有代表性的地球环境中，对人类或人类与机器人相结合的任务进行模拟研究是一种行之有效的工具，可用于探索未来行星表面任务的工作流程、仪器、风险和挑战。模拟任务越来越多，涵盖的学科领域不断扩大，对任务规划的操作和计划影响也显著增加。我们提出了一种方法，可在机构、学科和复杂性/逼真度方面对模拟任务进行比较，以提高科学产出和任务安全性，并最大限度地提高效率和效益。该算法可衡量任务性能，为客观的事后评估提供工具，并促进计划进展。它不会评估个别地点或仪器，而是侧重于任务层面。通过将算法应用于多个任务，我们比较了这些任务的性能，以进行基准测试。通过使用客观数据集和调查问卷的组合，该方法从三个方面进行评估：两个封闭和定量问题的部分，以及第三个部分专门用于测试地点的水平或代表性。通过使用加权指标，将任务的复杂性和逼真度与参考任务进行比较，从而确定任务规划中的优势和劣势。
