Jonak Józef, Siegmund Michał, Karpiński Robert, Wójcik Andrzej
Department of Machine Design and Mechatronics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 36, 20-618 Lublin, Poland.
KOMAG Institute of Mining Technology, Pszczyńska 37, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2020 Mar 15;13(6):1332. doi: 10.3390/ma13061332.
An objective of this study was to investigate the group effect in rock cone failure occurring in pull-out with the use of 3D finite element analysis. At present, undercut anchors are typically applied as structural fasteners of steel elements in concrete buildings; however, new areas for their use are being explored. The reported study set out to evaluate the use of undercut anchors in special-purpose rock mining, e.g., in mining rescue operations. In such emergencies, mechanical mining may prove impossible, whereas the use of explosives is even prohibited. Although manual methods could be considered, their effectiveness is hard to assess. Prior to considering the use of undercut anchors in mining, several aspects must essentially be determined: The mechanics of cone failure, including the extent of surface failure and the values of the pull-out force of the anchor for a given rock mass relative to the anchor system, the embedment depth, or the rock strength parameters. These factors may be investigated successfully using finite element analysis, the results of which are presented in the study.
本研究的一个目标是利用三维有限元分析来研究在拉拔过程中岩石锥体破坏的群效应。目前，后切式锚栓通常用作混凝土建筑中钢构件的结构紧固件；然而，人们正在探索其新的应用领域。所报道的研究旨在评估后切式锚栓在特殊用途的岩石开采中的应用，例如在采矿救援行动中。在这种紧急情况下，机械开采可能无法实现，而使用炸药甚至是被禁止的。虽然可以考虑采用人工方法，但其效果难以评估。在考虑将后切式锚栓用于采矿之前，必须确定几个基本方面：锥体破坏的力学原理，包括表面破坏的程度以及给定岩体相对于锚栓系统、锚固深度或岩石强度参数的锚栓拉拔力值。利用有限元分析可以成功地研究这些因素，本研究给出了分析结果。
