Int J Oral Implantol (Berl). 2020;13(1):55-63.
The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with failure of maxillary and mandibular dental implants before permanent crown placement.
The present study included adults who underwent dental implantation between January 2003 and December 2016. Implant failure before the permanent prosthesis placement was defined as early implant failure. Patients were divided retrospectively into groups according to the status of their implants; ie, a group with no early implant failure and a group with at least one early failure. Patient-related and implant site-related factors were analysed.
18 (4.8%) of the 376 patients had at least one implant that failed early. 49 (4.7%) of the 1,050 implants included in the study failed early. After adjustment, significant risk factors associated with early failure of maxillary implants included age, bone regeneration for insufficient bone, and signs of postoperative infection. In the mandibular implants, the only significant risk factor for early failure after adjustment was postoperative infection signs.
The risk factors associated with early implant failure differed between the maxilla and mandible. Early failure was more attributed to these causes than to a difference in morphology or bone quality between the maxilla and mandible. Prospective studies focusing on the interaction between these risk factors are needed.
本研究旨在确定在上永久性牙冠之前，上颌和下颌牙种植体失败的相关因素。
本研究纳入了 2003 年 1 月至 2016 年 12 月期间接受牙种植的成年人。将永久性修复体放置前的种植体失败定义为早期种植体失败。根据患者种植体的状态，将患者回顾性地分为两组;即无早期种植体失败组和至少有一个早期失败组。分析了患者相关和种植体部位相关因素。
在 376 名患者中，有 18 名(4.8%)至少有一个种植体早期失败。在纳入研究的 1050 个种植体中，有 49 个(4.7%)早期失败。调整后，上颌种植体早期失败的显著危险因素包括年龄、骨再生不足、以及术后感染迹象。在下颌种植体中，调整后早期失败的唯一显著危险因素是术后感染迹象。
上颌和下颌种植体早期失败的相关危险因素不同。早期失败更多归因于这些原因，而不是上颌和下颌之间的形态或骨质量差异。需要进行关注这些风险因素之间相互作用的前瞻性研究。
