Tulane University School of Medicine , New Orleans, LA, USA.
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine , New Orleans, LA, USA.
Phys Sportsmed. 2020 Nov;48(4):370-377. doi: 10.1080/00913847.2020.1744486. Epub 2020 Mar 25.
: Recent research demonstrates a connection between psychological factors and return to play following a musculoskeletal sports injury. Although it has been shown that psychological factors can influence when and if an athlete returns to play, it is unclear if the implementation of psychosocial interventions during the recovery process can address these factors and potentially increase the likelihood of return to play after physical recovery from injury. : To examine the efficacy of interventions designed to address psychosocial factors that influence return to play after sports injuries. : A systematic review was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Pubmed, Embase, and Google Scholar databases were searched from the earliest entry through May 2018. Search terms included 'psychology,' 'sports injury,' 'anterior cruciate ligament injury,' 'anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction,' 'intervention,' 'return to play,' and 'return to sport.' Studies were included and reviewed if they reported on the efficacy of a psychosocial intervention program in injured athletes. : Initial searches of Pubmed, Embase, and Google Scholar databases identified 560 articles, 329 articles, and 34,400 hits, respectively. After inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, eight articles remained that met inclusion criteria. Interventions of relaxation/guided imagery, positive self-talk, goal setting, counseling, emotional/written disclosure, and modeling videos were found to be effective interventions for promoting recovery after a musculoskeletal sports injury. These interventions facilitated positive mood changes, pain management, exercise compliance, and rehabilitation adherence. No study examined the effect of psychosocial interventions on return to play. : This systematic review demonstrates that psychosocial interventions can facilitate post-injury recovery in athletes by promoting a positive emotional state and rehabilitation adherence. Further research is necessary to determine the most effective psychosocial interventions for specific psychological factors, the ideal duration of interventions, the best method of implementation following a sports injury, and the impact of these interventions on return to play.
：最近的研究表明，心理因素与运动损伤后的重返赛场之间存在关联。虽然已经表明心理因素会影响运动员何时以及是否重返赛场，但目前尚不清楚在康复过程中实施社会心理干预是否可以解决这些因素，并有可能增加受伤后身体康复后重返赛场的可能性。
： 研究旨在探讨旨在解决影响运动损伤后重返赛场的社会心理因素的干预措施的效果。
： 本研究按照系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南进行了系统评价。从最早的条目开始，通过 2018 年 5 月，在 Pubmed、Embase 和 Google Scholar 数据库中进行了搜索。搜索词包括“心理学”、“运动损伤”、“前交叉韧带损伤”、“前交叉韧带重建”、“干预”、“重返赛场”和“重返运动”。如果研究报告了心理干预计划对受伤运动员的疗效，则纳入并审查这些研究。
： 通过 Pubmed、Embase 和 Google Scholar 数据库的初步搜索，分别确定了 560 篇、329 篇和 34400 篇文章。在应用纳入和排除标准后，有 8 篇文章符合纳入标准。放松/引导想象、积极的自我对话、设定目标、咨询、情绪/书面披露和模仿视频等干预措施被发现是促进运动损伤后康复的有效干预措施。这些干预措施促进了积极的情绪变化、疼痛管理、运动依从性和康复依从性。没有研究检查心理干预对重返赛场的影响。
： 本系统评价表明，心理干预可以通过促进积极的情绪状态和康复依从性来促进运动员受伤后的康复。需要进一步研究以确定针对特定心理因素的最有效社会心理干预措施、干预措施的理想持续时间、运动损伤后实施的最佳方法以及这些干预措施对重返赛场的影响。
