University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA.
Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2020 Nov;46(11):1523-1537. doi: 10.1177/0146167220907467. Epub 2020 Mar 18.
How have attempts at political persuasion changed over time? Using nine corpora dating back through 1789, containing over 7 million words of speech (1,666 documents in total), covering three different countries, plus the entire Google nGram corpus, we find that language relating to togetherness permanently crowded out language relating to duties and obligations in the persuasive speeches of politicians during the early 20th century. This shift is temporally predicted by a rise in Western nationalism and the mass movement of people from more rural to more urban areas and is unexplained by changes in language, private political speech, or nonmoral persuasion. We theorize that the emergence of the modern state in the 1920s had psychopolitical consequences for the ways that people understood and communicated their relationships with their government, which was then reflected in the levers of persuasion chosen by political elites.
政治说服手段是如何随时间演变的？我们使用了九个可追溯到 1789 年的语料库，其中包含超过 700 万字的演讲内容（总计 1666 篇文档），涵盖了三个不同的国家，再加上整个谷歌 n 元语法语料库，我们发现，在 20 世纪早期，政治家的演讲中，与团结有关的语言逐渐取代了与职责和义务有关的语言。这种转变可以通过西方民族主义的兴起以及农村地区到城市地区的人口大规模流动来预测，而语言、私人政治言论或非道德劝说的变化并不能解释这种转变。我们的理论是，20 世纪 20 年代现代国家的出现对人们理解和交流他们与政府关系的方式产生了心理政治影响，这随后反映在政治精英选择的说服手段上。
