Sun Q, Wang H, Qiao N, Zhang H X, Cui Y, Huang J J, Wang T
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China.
Department of Epidemiology, Shanxi Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan 030001, China.
Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2020 Mar 6;54(3):278-282. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2020.03.007.
To explore the association of dietary pattern and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk. In 2013, 3 747 participants from 87 coalmine branches of a large coal mine group in Datong City, Shanxi Province were selected by using a two-stage cluster stratified sampling method. Data on demographic characteristics, smoking, drinking, and family history of diabetes were collected by using a self-made questionnaire, and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to assess the level of physical activity. Physical, glucose and lipid metabolism indicators were measured and subjects were divided into high-risk groups and low-risk groups of T2DM according to the T2DM risk score. Dietary data were collected by using Semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire, and dietary patterns were derived by using the exploratory factor analysis and cluster analysis. The unconditional logistic regression model was used to assess the association of dietary patterns and T2DM risk. The age of the subjects was(41.48±8.62) years old, and 2 843 of them were males (84.31%). A total of 1 819 subjects were in the high-risk group and 1 553 in the low-risk group. Four dietary patterns, healthy diet, high-salt diet, meats diet, and carbohydrate-rich diet, were identified in this study. The unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that compared with the healthy diet pattern, after the adjustment of demographic characteristics, smoking, and drinking, the (95%) of T2DM risk in high-salt diet, carbohydrate-rich diet and meats diet patterns was 1.54 (1.26-1.88), 1.80 (1.43-2.28) and 1.20 (0.99-1.46), respectively. High-salt diet and carbohydrate-rich diet were positively associated with T2DM risk, whereas there was no association of meats diet and T2DM risk.
探讨饮食模式与2型糖尿病（T2DM）风险之间的关联。2013年，采用两阶段整群分层抽样方法，从山西省大同市某大型煤矿集团的87个煤矿分支中选取了3747名参与者。通过自制问卷收集人口统计学特征、吸烟、饮酒及糖尿病家族史等数据，并使用国际体力活动问卷评估体力活动水平。测量身体、血糖和脂质代谢指标，并根据T2DM风险评分将受试者分为T2DM高危组和低危组。通过半定量食物频率问卷收集饮食数据，并使用探索性因素分析和聚类分析得出饮食模式。采用非条件logistic回归模型评估饮食模式与T2DM风险的关联。受试者年龄为（41.48±8.62）岁，其中男性2843名（84.31%）。共有1819名受试者处于高危组，1553名处于低危组。本研究确定了四种饮食模式，即健康饮食、高盐饮食、肉类饮食和富含碳水化合物饮食。非条件logistic回归分析显示，与健康饮食模式相比，在调整人口统计学特征、吸烟和饮酒因素后，高盐饮食、富含碳水化合物饮食和肉类饮食模式的T2DM风险（95%）分别为1.54（1.26 - 1.88）、1.80（1.43 - 2.28）和1.20（0.99 - 1.46）。高盐饮食和富含碳水化合物饮食与T2DM风险呈正相关，而肉类饮食与T2DM风险无关联。
