Jardstedt Mikaela, Nadeau Elisabet, Nielsen Mette Olaf, Nørgaard Peder, Hessle Anna
Department of Animal Environment and Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 234, 532 23 Skara, Sweden.
The Rural Economy and Agricultural Society Sjuhärad, Box 5007, 514 05 Länghem, Sweden.
Animals (Basel). 2020 Mar 16;10(3):496. doi: 10.3390/ani10030496.
Resource efficient winter-feeding of mature pregnant beef cows requires knowledge of how different roughage-based feeding strategies affect cow intake and energy status. Four diets based on traditional timothy-meadow fescue silage (TM), festulolium silage plus urea (FE), reed canarygrass silage (RC) or barley straw supplemented with urea and rapeseed meal (BR), were fed ad libitum for 16 weeks prepartum to 36 Hereford cows. Postpartum, cows were fed the same diet before release on pasture. Individual data on cow intake, changes in body weight (BW), body condition score (BCS) and plasma metabolites, calf birth and weaning weights were recorded. The TM and FE diets resulted in increased BW and BCS prepartum ( < 0.001), while the RC and BR diets resulted in a catabolic state, as indicated by a loss of BCS, lower insulin levels and higher non-esterified fatty acid levels in cows fed BR ( < 0.001). There were no dietary effects on calf parameters ( > 0.29). Feeding RC or BR prepartum might be a possible alternative to traditional timothy-meadow fescue silage if cows are allowed to regain lost BCS during the grazing period. The influence on cow reproductive- and calf performance should be considered before making this management change.
对成年怀孕肉牛进行资源高效的冬季饲养，需要了解不同的粗饲料喂养策略如何影响母牛的采食量和能量状态。将基于传统梯牧草-草地羊茅青贮饲料（TM）、狐茅青贮饲料加尿素（FE）、虉草青贮饲料（RC）或添加尿素和菜籽粕的大麦秸秆（BR）的四种日粮，在产前16周自由采食，喂给36头赫里福德母牛。产后，母牛在放牧前喂以相同的日粮。记录母牛采食量、体重（BW）变化、体况评分（BCS）和血浆代谢物、犊牛出生和断奶体重的个体数据。TM和FE日粮使产前体重和体况评分增加（<0.001），而RC和BR日粮导致分解代谢状态，如BR组母牛体况评分下降、胰岛素水平降低和非酯化脂肪酸水平升高所示（<0.001）。日粮对犊牛参数没有影响（>0.29）。如果在放牧期允许母牛恢复丢失的体况评分，产前饲喂RC或BR可能是传统梯牧草-草地羊茅青贮饲料的一种替代选择。在做出这种管理改变之前，应考虑对母牛繁殖性能和犊牛性能的影响。
