Lengling Alexandra, Reckels Bernd, Schwennen Cornelia, Hölscher Richard, Waldmann Karl-Heinz, Visscher Christian, Büscher Wolfgang
Institute of Agricultural Engineering, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
Institute for Animal Nutrition, University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover, Foundation, 30173 Hanover, Germany.
Animals (Basel). 2020 Mar 16;10(3):497. doi: 10.3390/ani10030497.
The feeding of fattening pigs and its associated ammonia emissions are current core problems in social debate that affects climate change and sustainability. Feeding methods offer great potential to increase animal welfare and sustainability, and negative impacts on the environment can be reduced. Fattening pigs differ in their performance potential and in their nutrient requirements. A high feed intake capacity can lead to luxury consumption. Diets rich in crude fiber should prevent excess feed intake and cause better nitrogen fixation by microorganisms in the animals' large intestines. In a pig fattening farm, it was investigated whether and how diets rich in crude fiber can influence feed intake and ammonia emissions. The animals were divided into feeding groups according to their presumed performance potential by ultrasound examinations. Therein, body compositions were evaluated, and feed intake capacity and body weight were automatically recorded. The aim of the study was to enable adapted feeding of the animals by regarding their individual differences in body composition and performance potential. Roughage-based diets had significant influence on feed intake and did not increase ammonia emissions. Based on the results of this study a performance-based control of the feed intake should be made possible.
育肥猪的饲养及其相关的氨气排放是当前社会辩论中的核心问题，这些问题影响着气候变化和可持续性。饲养方法在提高动物福利和可持续性方面具有巨大潜力，并且可以减少对环境的负面影响。育肥猪在生长性能潜力和营养需求方面存在差异。高采食量可能导致过度采食。富含粗纤维的日粮应能防止过度采食，并使动物大肠中的微生物更好地固定氮。在一个养猪场中，研究了富含粗纤维的日粮是否以及如何影响采食量和氨气排放。通过超声检查根据动物假定的生长性能潜力将它们分为不同的饲养组。在这些组中，评估了身体组成，并自动记录了采食量和体重。该研究的目的是通过考虑动物在身体组成和生长性能潜力方面的个体差异，实现对动物的适应性饲养。以粗饲料为主的日粮对采食量有显著影响，并且不会增加氨气排放。基于这项研究的结果，应该能够实现基于生长性能的采食量控制。
