Mogas Teresa
Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain. Email.
Reprod Fertil Dev. 2018 Jan;31(1):105-117. doi: 10.1071/RD18345.
The combined use of reproductive technologies, such as transvaginal ovum-pick up and invitro embryo production followed by direct transfer of cryopreserved embryos, has great potential for enhancing genetic selection and optimising cross-breeding schemes in beef and dairy cattle production systems. This, along with an effective cryopreservation procedure for cow oocytes, will enable the long-term conservation of female genetic traits and the advance of embryo biotechnology in this species. However, the low fertilisation rates and developmental competence of cryopreserved oocytes still need to be improved. Over the past two decades, many research efforts tried to overcome individual features of the bovine oocyte that make it notoriously difficult to cryopreserve. In addition, pregnancy rates associated with invitro-produced (IVP) embryos remain lower than those obtained using invivo counterparts. This, together with a lack of a standard methodology for IVP embryo cryopreservation that provides easier and more practical logistics for the transfer of IVP embryos on farms, has hindered international genetic trade and the management of embryo banks. This review updates developments in oocyte and IVP embryo vitrification strategies targeting high production efficiency and better outcomes.
诸如经阴道采卵和体外胚胎生产，随后直接移植冷冻胚胎等生殖技术的联合应用，在肉牛和奶牛生产系统中，对于加强遗传选择和优化杂交育种方案具有巨大潜力。这一点，连同有效的母牛卵母细胞冷冻保存程序，将能够长期保存雌性遗传特性，并推动该物种胚胎生物技术的发展。然而，冷冻保存的卵母细胞的低受精率和发育能力仍有待提高。在过去二十年中，许多研究工作试图克服牛卵母细胞的个体特征，这些特征使得其冷冻保存异常困难。此外，与体外生产（IVP）胚胎相关的妊娠率仍然低于体内胚胎。这一点，再加上缺乏用于IVP胚胎冷冻保存的标准方法，该方法无法为农场中IVP胚胎的移植提供更简便和更实用的物流，阻碍了国际遗传贸易和胚胎库的管理。本综述更新了针对高生产效率和更好结果的卵母细胞和IVP胚胎玻璃化策略的进展。
