Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, China Medical University School of Public Health, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, China Medical University School of Public Health, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
Occup Environ Med. 2020 Jun;77(6):407-414. doi: 10.1136/oemed-2019-106321. Epub 2020 Mar 18.
Pneumoconiosis remains a major global occupational health hazard and illness. Accurate data on the incidence of pneumoconiosis are critical for health resource planning and development of health policy.
We collected data for the period between 1990 and 2017 on the annual incident cases and the age-standardised incidence rates (ASIR) of pneumoconiosis aetiology from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. We calculated the average annual percentage changes of ASIR by sex, region and aetiology in order to determine the trends of pneumoconiosis.
Globally, the number of pneumoconiosis cases increased by a measure of 66.0%, from 36 186 in 1990 to 60 055 in 2017. The overall ASIR decreased by an average of 0.6% per year in the same period. The number of pneumoconiosis cases increased across the five sociodemographic index regions, and there was a decrease in the ASIR from 1990 to 2017. The ASIR of silicosis, coal workers' pneumoconiosis and other pneumoconiosis decreased. In contrast, measures of the ASIR of asbestosis displayed an increasing trend. Patterns of the incidence of pneumoconiosis caused by different aetiologies were found to have been heterogeneous for analyses across regions and among countries.
Incidence patterns of pneumoconiosis which were caused by different aetiologies varied considerably across regions and countries of the world. The patterns of incidence and temporal trends should facilitate the establishment of more effective and increasingly targeted methods for prevention of pneumoconiosis and reduce associated disease burden.
尘肺病仍是全球主要的职业健康危害和疾病。准确的尘肺病发病率数据对于卫生资源规划和制定卫生政策至关重要。
我们从 2017 年全球疾病负担研究中收集了 1990 年至 2017 年期间尘肺病病因的年度发病病例和年龄标准化发病率（ASIR）数据。我们计算了按性别、地区和病因划分的 ASIR 的平均年百分比变化，以确定尘肺病的趋势。
全球范围内，尘肺病病例数增加了 66.0%，从 1990 年的 36186 例增至 2017 年的 60055 例。同期，总体 ASIR 平均每年下降 0.6%。五个社会人口指数地区的尘肺病病例数均有所增加，而 1990 年至 2017 年期间，ASIR 有所下降。矽肺、煤工尘肺和其他尘肺病的 ASIR 有所下降。相比之下，石棉沉着病的 ASIR 呈上升趋势。不同病因引起的尘肺病的发病率模式在不同地区和国家的分析中存在差异。
不同病因引起的尘肺病的发病率模式在全球各地区和国家之间存在很大差异。发病模式和时间趋势应有助于制定更有效和针对性更强的尘肺病预防方法，减轻相关疾病负担。
