Marine Biotechnology Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy.
Integrative Marine Ecology Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Messina, Italy.
Sci Rep. 2020 Mar 18;10(1):4929. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-61515-z.
Mesopelagic organisms form huge biomass aggregations, supporting important pelagic trophic webs and several top predators. Although some studies on the occurrence, biology and ecology of these organisms are available, to date there are no investigations on their potential use for anticancer and antimicrobial biotechnological applications. The aim of this study was to screen extracts of seven mesopelagic species for possible anticancer (Lung cell line A549, skin cell line A2058, liver cell line HepG2, breast cell line MCF7 and pancreas cell line MiaPaca-2) and antibacterial (Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, the Gram-positive bacteria methicillin resistant/sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis) activities. Results showed that only two species were active, the lanternfish Myctophum punctatum and the Mediterranean krill Meganyctiphanes norvegica. In particular, M. punctatum showed strong activity against the A549 and MCF7 cells, while M. norvegica was more active against HepG2 cells. Regarding antibacterial assays, both species were active against methicillin resistant S. aureus. Fractionation and LC/MS dereplication of the fractions showed that the main compounds found in extracts of both species were EPA, DHA and ETA. For some of the detected compounds anticancer and/or antibacterial activity are already known, but this is the first time that such activities have been found for mesopelagic species.
中层生物形成巨大的生物量聚集，支持重要的远洋营养网和几种顶级捕食者。尽管已经有一些关于这些生物的发生、生物学和生态学的研究，但迄今为止，还没有关于它们在抗癌和抗菌生物技术应用方面的潜在用途的研究。本研究旨在筛选七种中层物种的提取物，以寻找可能的抗癌（肺癌细胞系 A549、皮肤细胞系 A2058、肝细 胞系 HepG2、乳腺细胞系 MCF7 和胰腺细胞系 MiaPaca-2）和抗菌（革兰氏阴性菌大肠杆菌和肺炎克雷伯菌、革兰氏阳性菌耐甲氧西林/敏感金黄色葡萄球菌和结核分枝杆菌）活性。结果表明，只有两种物种具有活性，即灯笼鱼 Myctophum punctatum 和地中海磷虾 Meganyctiphanes norvegica。特别是，M. punctatum 对 A549 和 MCF7 细胞表现出强烈的活性，而 M. norvegica 对 HepG2 细胞更活跃。关于抗菌试验，两种物种对耐甲氧西林的金黄色葡萄球菌均有活性。馏分的分离和 LC/MS 去重复化表明，两种物种提取物中发现的主要化合物为 EPA、DHA 和 ETA。对于一些检测到的化合物，抗癌和/或抗菌活性已经是已知的，但这是第一次在中层物种中发现这种活性。
