Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan.
Institute of Public Health, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei City, Taiwan.
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2020 Sep;55(9):1121-1132. doi: 10.1007/s00127-020-01855-3. Epub 2020 Mar 18.
Suicide rates in South Korea have been one of the highest in the world. The aim of this study is to quantify the contributions of age, sex, method, and place of residence to the trends of the suicide rates between 2001 and 2016 in South Korea.
Using the suicide data obtained from the South Korean National Death Registration data set for the years 2001-2016, a Joinpoint regression analysis was conducted to determine if there was a significant change in the trend of suicide rates. Next, a decomposition analysis method was used to quantify the contributions of age, sex, method, and places of residence to the changes in the suicide rates.
Suicide rates increased between 2001 and 2010, and decreased between 2010 and 2016. Among all the age groups, the 65-79 age group contributed most to the rise (18% in men and 7% in women) and fall (- 15% in men and - 14% in women) of suicide rates. Men contributed much more than women to the increasing trend of suicide rate (63.0% vs. 37.0%). Hanging was the key method of suicide, dominating the ups and downs of the suicide rates. The rates of suicide by pesticide poisoning have been decreasing since 2005 and suicide by charcoal burning continued to increase against a decreasing trend of suicide rate during the period of 2010-2016. The gap of the metropolitan-city-rural suicide rates was narrowing during the period under study, although the rural areas remained to have the highest suicide rates.
The ups and downs of suicide rates in South Korea were not uniform across different sociodemographic groups. Age, sex, method, and place of residence contributed differently to the changes in suicide rates. Suicide prevention measures can be more focused on certain age-sex-method-region subgroups.
韩国的自杀率一直位居世界前列。本研究旨在量化 2001 年至 2016 年期间年龄、性别、方法和居住地对韩国自杀率趋势的贡献。
使用 2001 年至 2016 年期间从韩国国家死亡登记数据库获得的自杀数据，进行 Joinpoint 回归分析，以确定自杀率趋势是否发生显著变化。然后，采用分解分析方法来量化年龄、性别、方法和居住地对自杀率变化的贡献。
自杀率在 2001 年至 2010 年间上升，在 2010 年至 2016 年间下降。在所有年龄组中，65-79 岁年龄组对自杀率的上升（男性 18%，女性 7%）和下降（男性-15%，女性-14%）贡献最大。男性对自杀率上升趋势的贡献远远大于女性（63.0%对 37.0%）。上吊是自杀的主要方法，主导着自杀率的高低。自 2005 年以来，农药中毒自杀率一直在下降，而在 2010-2016 年期间，自杀率呈下降趋势，但木炭燃烧自杀率持续上升。在研究期间，大都市-农村自杀率差距一直在缩小，尽管农村地区的自杀率仍然最高。
韩国自杀率的高低在不同社会人口群体中并不一致。年龄、性别、方法和居住地对自杀率的变化有不同的贡献。自杀预防措施可以更集中于某些年龄-性别-方法-地区亚组。
