Coates Christopher J, Costa-Paiva Elisa M
Department of Biosciences, College of Science, Swansea University, Swansea, Wales, SA2 8PP, UK.
Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Subcell Biochem. 2020;94:233-250. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-41769-7_9.
The copper-containing hemocyanins are proteins responsible for the binding, transportation and storage of dioxygen within the blood (hemolymph) of many invertebrates. Several additional functions have been attributed to both arthropod and molluscan hemocyanins, including (but not limited to) enzymatic activity (namely phenoloxidase), hormone transport, homeostasis (ecdysis) and hemostasis (clot formation). An important secondary function of hemocyanin involves aspects of innate immunity-such as acting as a precursor of broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptides and microbial/viral agglutination. In this chapter, we present the reader with an up-to-date synthesis of the known functions of hemocyanins and the structural features that facilitate such activities.
含铜血蓝蛋白是负责在许多无脊椎动物的血液（血淋巴）中结合、运输和储存双原子氧的蛋白质。节肢动物和软体动物的血蓝蛋白还有其他几种功能，包括（但不限于）酶活性（即酚氧化酶）、激素运输、体内平衡（蜕皮）和止血（凝血形成）。血蓝蛋白的一个重要次要功能涉及先天免疫方面，例如作为广谱抗菌肽的前体以及微生物/病毒凝集。在本章中，我们向读者介绍血蓝蛋白已知功能以及促进这些活性的结构特征的最新综述。
