School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK.
Chem Soc Rev. 2020 May 7;49(9):2531-2545. doi: 10.1039/c9cs00391f. Epub 2020 Mar 19.
Carbohydrates are important but challenging targets for supramolecular chemists. They possess complex, irregular and variable structures, and are strongly attracted to water, their natural environment. This tutorial review describes work on synthetic receptors which bind carbohydrates through non-covalent interactions, mimicking the strategies used in biology. Emphasis is placed on systems which operate in purely aqueous solution, without involvement of organic solvents. Although the problem is difficult, the careful design of complementary cavities can lead to surprisingly good results. In particular, a receptor for glucose has achieved performance which generally matches biology, and augurs well for real-world applications.
碳水化合物是超分子化学家的重要但具有挑战性的目标。它们具有复杂、不规则和可变的结构，并且强烈地被水（它们的自然环境）吸引。本教程综述描述了通过非共价相互作用结合碳水化合物的合成受体的工作，模拟了生物学中使用的策略。重点是在完全水相溶液中，不涉及有机溶剂的系统。尽管这个问题很困难，但互补腔的精心设计可以带来出人意料的好结果。特别是，一种葡萄糖受体的性能通常与生物学相匹配，为实际应用带来了良好的前景。
