Zittoun R, Ruszniewski M
Service d'hématologie, Hôtel-Dieu, Paris, France.
Bull Cancer. 1988;75(10):943-8.
The psychological consequences of cancer are most frequently reactive and do not constitute a major psychiatric illness. Anxiety and depression are the two main psychological disorders which occur frequently but with variable intensity according to the type of disease, its course, as well as the individual and social background of the patient. Physical factors such as digestive disorders, pain, mutilation and sterility can undermine the psychological adaptation. Cognitive impairment is generally due to neurological localizations of the disease or to metabolic abnormalities. The interrelationship between somatic and psychological factors must be carefully analyzed in order to recognize the determinants of suffering and abnormal coping or behavior.
癌症的心理后果通常是反应性的，并不构成主要的精神疾病。焦虑和抑郁是两种主要的心理障碍，它们经常出现，但根据疾病类型、病程以及患者的个人和社会背景，其强度各不相同。消化紊乱、疼痛、肢体残缺和不育等身体因素会破坏心理适应。认知障碍通常是由于疾病的神经定位或代谢异常所致。必须仔细分析躯体因素和心理因素之间的相互关系，以便识别痛苦的决定因素以及异常的应对方式或行为。
