Godman Brian, Basu Debashis, Pillay Yogan, Almeida Paulo H R F, Mwita Julius C, Rwegerera Godfrey Mutashambara, Anand Paramadhas Bene D, Tiroyakgosi Celda, Patrick Okwen, Niba Loveline Lum, Sefah Israel, Oluka Margaret, Guantai Anastasia N, Kibuule Dan, Kalemeera Francis, Mubita Mwangana, Fadare Joseph, Ogunleye Olayinka O, Rampamba Enos M, Wing Jeffrey, Mueller Debjani, Alfadl Abubakr, Amu Adefolarin A, Matsebula Zinhle, Kalungia Aubrey C, Zaranyika Trust, Masuka Nyasha, Wale Janney, Hill Ruaraidh, Kurdi Amanj, Timoney Angela, Campbell Stephen, Meyer Johanna C
Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde , Glasgow, UK.
Division of Public Health Pharmacy and Management, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University , Pretoria, South Africa.
Hosp Pract (1995). 2020 Mar 14;48(2):51-67. doi: 10.1080/21548331.2020.1745509. Epub 2020 May 13.
Currently about 19 million people in Africa are known to be living with diabetes, mainly Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) (95%), estimated to grow to 47 million people by 2045. However, there are concerns with early diagnosis of patients with Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) as often patients present late with complications. There are also challenges with access and affordability of insulin, monitoring equipment and test strips with typically high patient co-payments, which can be catastrophic for families. These challenges negatively impact on the quality of care of patients with T1DM increasing morbidity and mortality. There are also issues of patient education and psychosocial support adversely affecting patients' quality of life. These challenges need to be debated and potential future activities discussed to improve the future care of patients with T1DM across Africa.
Documentation of the current situation across Africa for patients with T1DM including the epidemiology, economics, and available treatments within public healthcare systems as well as ongoing activities to improve their future care. Subsequently, provide guidance to all key stakeholder groups going forward utilizing input from senior-level government, academic and other professionals from across Africa.
Whilst prevalence rates for T1DM are considerably lower than T2DM, there are concerns with late diagnosis as well as the routine provision of insulin and monitoring equipment across Africa. High patient co-payments exacerbate the situation. However, there are ongoing developments to address the multiple challenges including the instigation of universal health care and partnerships with non-governmental organizations, patient organizations, and pharmaceutical companies. Their impact though remains to be seen. In the meantime, a range of activities has been documented for all key stakeholder groups to improve future care.
There are concerns with the management of patients with T1DM across Africa. A number of activities has been suggested to address this and will be monitored.
目前已知非洲约有1900万人患有糖尿病，主要是2型糖尿病（T2DM）（95%），预计到2045年将增至4700万人。然而，1型糖尿病（T1DM）患者的早期诊断令人担忧，因为患者往往在出现并发症后才前来就诊。胰岛素、监测设备和试纸的获取及可负担性也存在挑战，患者通常需要承担高额自付费用，这对家庭来说可能是灾难性的。这些挑战对T1DM患者的护理质量产生负面影响，增加了发病率和死亡率。患者教育和心理社会支持问题也对患者的生活质量产生不利影响。需要对这些挑战进行讨论，并探讨未来可能开展的活动，以改善非洲T1DM患者的未来护理。
记录非洲T1DM患者的现状，包括流行病学、经济学、公共医疗系统内可用的治疗方法以及为改善其未来护理而正在开展的活动。随后，利用来自非洲高级政府、学术和其他专业人士的意见，为所有关键利益相关者群体提供未来指导。
虽然T1DM的患病率远低于T2DM，但非洲各地存在诊断延迟以及胰岛素和监测设备常规供应不足的问题。患者高额自付费用使情况更加恶化。不过，目前正在开展多项工作来应对这些多重挑战，包括推行全民医疗保健以及与非政府组织、患者组织和制药公司建立伙伴关系。但其影响仍有待观察。与此同时，已记录了一系列针对所有关键利益相关者群体的活动，以改善未来护理。
非洲T1DM患者的管理令人担忧。已提出多项活动来解决这一问题，并将对其进行监测。
