Department of Psychology, Butler University, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
Scand J Psychol. 2020 Jun;61(3):333-347. doi: 10.1111/sjop.12632. Epub 2020 Mar 20.
We investigated whether the previously established effect of mood on episodic memory generalizes to semantic memory and whether mood affects metacognitive judgments associated with the retrieval of semantic information. Sixty-eight participants were induced into a happy or sad mood by viewing and describing IAPS images. Following mood induction, participants saw a total of 200 general knowledge trivia items (50 open-ended and 50 multiple-choice after each of two mood inductions) and were asked to provide a metacognitive judgment about their knowledge for each item before providing a response. A sample trivia item is: Author - - To kill a mockingbird. Results indicate that mood affects the retrieval of semantic information, but only when the participant believes they possess the requested semantic information; furthermore, this effect depends upon the presence of retrieval cues. In addition, we found that mood does not affect the likelihood of different metacognitive judgments associated with the retrieval of semantic information, but that, in some cases, having retrieval cues increases accuracy of these metacognitive judgments. Our results suggest that semantic retrieval processes are minimally susceptible to the influence of affective state but does not preclude the possibility that affective state may influence encoding of semantic information.
我们考察了先前关于情绪对情节记忆的影响是否适用于语义记忆，以及情绪是否会影响与检索语义信息相关的元认知判断。68 名参与者通过观看和描述 IAPS 图像来产生快乐或悲伤的情绪。在情绪诱导之后，参与者总共看到了 200 个一般知识琐事项目（在两次情绪诱导后的每 50 个开放式和 50 个多项选择），并被要求在提供答案之前对每个项目的知识提供元认知判断。一个示例琐事项目是：作者 - 《杀死一只知更鸟》。结果表明，情绪会影响语义信息的检索，但只有当参与者认为他们拥有所需的语义信息时才会受到影响；此外，这种影响取决于检索线索的存在。此外，我们发现情绪不会影响与检索语义信息相关的不同元认知判断的可能性，但在某些情况下，检索线索会提高这些元认知判断的准确性。我们的结果表明，语义检索过程不易受到情绪状态的影响，但并不排除情绪状态可能会影响语义信息的编码。
