Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 296/70, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic.
Toxins (Basel). 2020 Mar 18;12(3):190. doi: 10.3390/toxins12030190.
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a mycotoxin frequently found in cereals, and pigs are one of the most sensitive farm species to DON. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of DON in very low doses on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and on particular lymphocyte subpopulations. The cells were exposed to 1, 10 and 100 ng/mL of DON and lymphocyte viability, proliferation, and cytokine (Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, IL-8, IL-17, Interferon (IFN) γ and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α production were studied. Cells exposed to DON for 5 days in concentrations of 1 and 10 ng/mL showed higher viability compared to control cells. After 18 h of DON (100 ng/mL) exposure, a significantly lower proliferation after mitogen stimulation was observed. In contrast, an increase of spontaneous proliferation induced by DON (100 ng/mL) was detected. After DON exposure, the expression of cytokine genes decreased, with the exception of IL-1β and IL-8, which increased after 18 h exposure to 100 ng/mL of DON. Among lymphocyte subpopulations, helper T-cells and γδ T-cells exhibiting lower production of IL-17, IFNγ and TNFα were most affected by DON exposure (10 ng/mL). These findings show that subclinical doses of DON lead to changes in immune response.
脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON）是一种常见于谷物中的真菌毒素，而猪是对 DON 最敏感的农场动物之一。本研究旨在确定极低剂量 DON 对外周血单个核细胞（PBMC）和特定淋巴细胞亚群的影响。将细胞暴露于 1、10 和 100ng/mL 的 DON 中，并研究淋巴细胞活力、增殖和细胞因子（白细胞介素（IL）-1β、IL-2、IL-8、IL-17、干扰素（IFN）γ和肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）α）的产生。与对照细胞相比，在浓度为 1 和 10ng/mL 的 DON 中暴露 5 天的细胞表现出更高的活力。在暴露于 DON（100ng/mL）18 小时后，观察到有丝分裂原刺激后的增殖明显降低。相比之下，检测到 DON（100ng/mL）自发增殖的增加。DON 暴露后，细胞因子基因的表达减少，除了在 100ng/mL DON 暴露 18 小时后，IL-1β和 IL-8 增加。在淋巴细胞亚群中，辅助性 T 细胞和γδ T 细胞表现出较低的 IL-17、IFNγ 和 TNFα 产生，受 DON 暴露（10ng/mL）的影响最大。这些发现表明，亚临床剂量的 DON 会导致免疫反应发生变化。
