School of Health Sciences Eugenio Espejo, Universidad Tecnológica Equinoccial de Quito (UTE), Quito, Ecuador.
Laboratoire d'Anthropologie et de Génétique Humaine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
Arch Argent Pediatr. 2020 Apr;118(2):117-124. doi: 10.5546/aap.2020.eng.117.
The assessment of growth during childhood and adolescence is a critical component of health care at all levels, but it is also part of nutritional status diagnosis and the timely detection of related conditions. Ecuador lacks national growth references, so it has decided to adopt the international standards proposed by the World Health Organization. The objective of this study was to develop national references for weight, height, and body mass index for children and adolescents.
Ecuadorian schoolchildren and adolescents aged 5-19 years were studied between 1999 and 2012. The LMS method for cross-sectional data, which uses the Box-Cox transformation to normalize data distribution at each age, was applied to estimate the 3rd, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th, and 97th centiles for weight, height, and body mass index.
A total of 5934 healthy subjects (2788 boys and 3146 girls) participated. Boys were heavier and taller than girls. In all cases, values increased with age. At 18 years old, the differences between sexes averaged 8 kg and 12.5 cm.
The tables and curves obtained with this study are the first descriptive growth references for Ecuadorian children and adolescents aged 5-19 years. They are relevant for nutritional assessment. Their use at the primary level of care will aid in nutritional status diagnosis, which has traditionally been done based on the World Health Organization's international standards.
儿童和青少年时期的生长评估是各级医疗保健的重要组成部分，但它也是营养状况诊断和及时发现相关疾病的一部分。厄瓜多尔缺乏国家生长参考标准，因此决定采用世界卫生组织提出的国际标准。本研究的目的是为儿童和青少年制定体重、身高和身体质量指数的国家参考标准。
1999 年至 2012 年间，对厄瓜多尔的学龄儿童和青少年进行了研究。应用 LMS 方法对横断面数据进行分析，该方法使用 Box-Cox 转换对每个年龄的数据分布进行正态化，以估计体重、身高和身体质量指数的第 3、10、25、50、75、90 和 97 百分位数。
共有 5934 名健康受试者（2788 名男孩和 3146 名女孩）参与了研究。男孩比女孩更重、更高。在所有情况下，数值随年龄增长而增加。在 18 岁时，男女之间的差异平均为 8 公斤和 12.5 厘米。
本研究得出的表格和曲线是厄瓜多尔 5-19 岁儿童和青少年的第一批描述性生长参考标准。它们对于营养评估具有重要意义。在初级保健水平上使用这些标准将有助于营养状况诊断，这在传统上是根据世界卫生组织的国际标准进行的。
