Joint Mass Spectrometry Center, Cooperation Group Comprehensive Molecular Analytics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Joint Mass Spectrometry Center, Chair of Analytical Chemistry, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany.
Joint Mass Spectrometry Center, Cooperation Group Comprehensive Molecular Analytics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
Sci Total Environ. 2020 Jun 20;722:137632. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137632. Epub 2020 Mar 11.
Generally, there are only a few fixed air quality monitoring stations installed in villages or rural areas and only a few studies on small-scale variations in air pollution have been described in detail, which make it difficult to estimate human exposure in such environments and related adverse health effects. Moreover, biomass combustion can be an important source of air pollution in rural areas, comparable to vehicle and industrial emissions in urban planning. And their air pollutants are mainly affected by local sources. For this reason, a survey on rural air pollution was carried out in this study. Therefore, portable, battery-powered monitoring devices were used to measure particulate matter (PM, PM, PM, particle number concentration, and black carbon) in order to study air quality in rural communities. The focus of the investigations was to explore the application of mobile monitoring equipment in small-scale environments, compare the differences in rural air pollutants between two neighboring villages in two countries, and the identification of pollution hotspots. The measurements were carried out in November 2018 in two villages on the German-Czech border. Over a period of four days, 21 mobile measurements along fixed routes were carried out simultaneously at both locations. The analysis of the data revealed significant differences in PN and PM concentrations in rural air pollutants between the two countries. The spatial and temporal distribution of air pollution hotspots in the Czech village was higher than that in the German village. The relationships between the measurement parameters were weak but highly significant and the meteorological parameters can effect air pollution. Overall, the results of this study show that mobile measurements are suitable for effectively recording and distinguishing spatial and temporal characteristics of air quality.
一般来说，村庄或农村地区只安装了少数几个固定的空气质量监测站，只有少数关于空气污染小范围变化的研究进行了详细描述，这使得很难估计人类在这些环境中的暴露程度及其相关的不良健康影响。此外，生物质燃烧可能是农村地区空气污染的一个重要来源，在城市规划中可与车辆和工业排放相媲美。而且它们的空气污染物主要受当地来源的影响。出于这个原因，本研究对农村空气污染进行了调查。因此，使用便携式、电池供电的监测设备来测量颗粒物（PM、PM、PM、颗粒数浓度和黑碳），以研究农村社区的空气质量。调查的重点是探索移动监测设备在小尺度环境中的应用，比较两个邻国两个相邻村庄之间农村空气污染物的差异，以及识别污染热点。这些测量是在 2018 年 11 月在德国-捷克边境的两个村庄进行的。在四天的时间里，两个地点同时进行了 21 次沿固定路线的移动测量。数据分析显示，两国农村空气污染物中 PN 和 PM 浓度存在显著差异。捷克村庄的空气污染热点的时空分布高于德国村庄。测量参数之间的关系虽然较弱，但具有高度显著性，气象参数会影响空气污染。总体而言，这项研究的结果表明，移动测量适合有效地记录和区分空气质量的时空特征。
