Kim Stephani S, Meeker John D, Aung Max T, Yu Youfei, Mukherjee Bhramar, Cantonwine David E, McElrath Thomas F, Ferguson Kelly K
Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC.
Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI.
Environ Epidemiol. 2020 Apr;4(2). doi: 10.1097/ee9.0000000000000075.
Toxic metals have been associated with lower birth weight while essential metals have been associated with higher birth weight. Evidence for other metals is either inconsistent or limited in terms of number of studies. This study analyzed 17 urinary metals, individually and as a mixture, and their association with measures of fetal growth in the LIFECODES birth cohort. Ultrasound was used to measure abdominal circumference, head circumference, and femur length and measures were used to calculate estimated fetal weight at ~26 and ~35 weeks. We calculated the z-score based on gestational age at scan, and estimated fetal weight (EFW) was combined with birth weight for longitudinal analyses. Metals were measured in samples collected at ~26 weeks. We used linear mixed effects models to examine associations between metals and repeated measures of each outcome, controlling for covariates. Principal components analysis reduced the biomarkers to predictors that may share some commonality. We found that an interquartile range increase in selenium was inversely associated with femur length z-score as well as other growth outcomes. Other essential metals, however, were associated with an increase in growth. Finally, the PCA component comprised of arsenic, mercury, and tin was associated with decreased head circumference z-score (-0.14 [95% CI: -0.23, -0.05]).
有毒金属与较低的出生体重有关，而必需金属与较高的出生体重有关。关于其他金属的证据在研究数量方面要么不一致，要么有限。本研究分析了17种尿金属，分别以及作为混合物，及其与LIFECODES出生队列中胎儿生长指标的关联。使用超声测量腹围、头围和股骨长度，并用于计算约26周和35周时的估计胎儿体重。我们根据扫描时的孕周计算z分数，并将估计胎儿体重（EFW）与出生体重相结合进行纵向分析。在约26周时采集的样本中测量金属。我们使用线性混合效应模型来检验金属与每个结局的重复测量之间的关联，并控制协变量。主成分分析将生物标志物简化为可能具有一些共性的预测因子。我们发现，硒的四分位数间距增加与股骨长度z分数以及其他生长结局呈负相关。然而，其他必需金属与生长增加有关。最后，由砷、汞和锡组成的主成分分析成分与头围z分数降低有关（-0.14 [95% CI：-0.23，-0.05]）。
