Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Environ Sci Technol. 2020 Apr 21;54(8):5197-5206. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.9b07143. Epub 2020 Apr 2.
Designed for retaining suspended particles, rapid sand filters (RSFs) are widely used in drinking water treatment. There is increasing evidence that microbial processes within RSFs contribute to the transformation and removal of organic carbon, nitrogen, and metal pollutants. Here, we linked microbial composition and functional profiles with the treatment performance of 12 different RSFs that significantly removed influent ammonium and manganese (Mn). Metagenomic analyses showed that chemoautotrophic or methanotrophic bacteria were prevalent in the groundwater filters, and chemoheterotrophic bacteria encoding more carbohydrate- and xenobiotic-metabolizing genes were more abundant in the surface water filters. Approximately 92% of ammonium was transformed into nitrate, with a critical contribution from comammox . The composition of comammox differed between groundwater and surface water filters, with clade A dominating groundwater filters (78.0 ± 12.0%) and clade B dominating surface water filters (91.9 ± 8.9%). Further, we identified six bacterial genera encoding known Mn(II)-oxidizing genes in the RSFs, with accounting for 71.1%. These Mn(II)-oxidizing bacteria might promote Mn(II) oxidation and thus increase the removal of influent Mn. Overall, our study gave a comprehensive investigation of microbiome in RSFs and highlighted the roles of comammox and Mn(II)-oxidizing bacteria in water purification.
设计用于保留悬浮颗粒的快速砂滤器（RSF）广泛用于饮用水处理。越来越多的证据表明，RSF 中的微生物过程有助于转化和去除有机碳、氮和金属污染物。在这里，我们将微生物组成和功能特征与 12 个不同的 RSF 的处理性能联系起来，这些 RSF 显著去除了进水氨氮和锰（Mn）。宏基因组分析表明，化能自养菌或甲烷营养菌在地下水滤池中普遍存在，而编码更多碳水化合物和外来化合物代谢基因的化能异养菌在地表水滤池中更为丰富。约 92%的铵被转化为硝酸盐，其中氨单胞菌的贡献至关重要。氨单胞菌的组成在地下水和地表水滤池中存在差异，A 类分支在地下水滤池中占主导地位（78.0±12.0%），B 类分支在地表水滤池中占主导地位（91.9±8.9%）。此外，我们在 RSF 中鉴定了六个编码已知 Mn(II)氧化基因的细菌属，其中占主导地位的是（71.1%）。这些 Mn(II)氧化菌可能促进 Mn(II)氧化，从而增加进水 Mn 的去除。总的来说，我们的研究对 RSF 中的微生物组进行了全面调查，并强调了氨单胞菌和 Mn(II)氧化菌在水净化中的作用。
