Wanke Eileen M, Schmidt Mike, Oremek Gerhard, Groneberg David A
1Johann Wolfgang von Goethe University, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
2University of Hamburg, Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Institute of Human Movement Science, Mollerstrasse 10, 20148 Hamburg, Germany.
J Occup Med Toxicol. 2020 Mar 23;15:7. doi: 10.1186/s12995-020-00257-0. eCollection 2020.
There have been only a limited number of studies available on the physical requirements in dance teachers (DT), who are responsible for the training of recreational and/or professional dancers and/or dance students. First results provide indications that a consideration of physical work load (teaching load) of this occupational group is necessary.
HR measurements were done on a total of 21 DT (f: = 18, m: = 3) aged 48.2 ± 9.3 years during their lessons in three dance styles: ballet (B), jazz/modern dance (J/MD) and pre-school dance (CD). The HR data were objectified using the spiroergometrically measured maximum HR (HRmax). In addition, the rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was asked directly after the lesson using the Borg scale together with an additional questionnaire.
Depending on the dance style, the average HR load during the lessons ranged between 56.7% ± 7.4%) (B) and 63.6% ± 9.8% (CD) of the individual HRmax. No significant differences could be found between the dance styles for the minimum, medium and maximum teaching loads. The DTs rated the average RPE of the teaching units according to BORG (11.4 ± 2.1). Correlations between the RPE and the mean and maximum cardiovascular loads (r = 0.376, = 0.037 and r = 0.441, = 0.013) could be shown for all dance units and for the mean loads in J/MD (r = 0.558, = 0.044).
Most dance units do not represent a load in the sense of a endurance training unit. An increase in aerobic fitness and possible positive effects in the context of injury prevention is not to be expected. In J/MD, the use of RPEs for the rough estimation of cardiovascular stress is conceivable. The assessment of cardiovascular load in dance lessons requires further investigations for more precise assessments.
关于舞蹈教师身体要求的研究数量有限，而舞蹈教师负责休闲和/或专业舞者及/或舞蹈学生的培训。初步结果表明，有必要考虑这一职业群体的身体工作量（教学负荷）。
对总共21名年龄在48.2±9.3岁的舞蹈教师（女性=18名，男性=3名）在教授三种舞蹈风格课程期间进行心率测量，这三种舞蹈风格分别为芭蕾舞（B）、爵士/现代舞（J/MD）和学前舞蹈（CD）。使用通过运动心肺功能测试测量的最大心率（HRmax）对心率数据进行客观化处理。此外，课程结束后立即使用Borg量表以及一份附加问卷直接询问主观用力感觉评分（RPE）。
根据舞蹈风格不同，课程期间的平均心率负荷在个人HRmax的56.7%±7.4%（芭蕾舞）和63.6%±9.8%（学前舞蹈）之间。在最小、中等和最大教学负荷方面，未发现不同舞蹈风格之间存在显著差异。舞蹈教师根据BORG量表对教学单元的平均RPE评分为（11.4±2.1）。对于所有舞蹈单元以及J/MD中的平均负荷，均可显示出RPE与平均和最大心血管负荷之间的相关性（r=0.376，P=0.037；r=0.441，P=0.013），对于J/MD中的平均负荷，相关性为（r=0.558，P=0.044）。
大多数舞蹈单元在耐力训练单元的意义上并不构成负荷。预计不会提高有氧适能以及在预防损伤方面产生可能的积极效果。在爵士/现代舞中，可以使用RPE来粗略估计心血管压力。舞蹈课中心血管负荷的评估需要进一步研究以进行更精确的评估。
