Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.
Koriyama City Public Health Center, Fukushima, Japan.
Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2020 Jun;20(6):615-620. doi: 10.1111/ggi.13917. Epub 2020 Mar 25.
Subjective happiness is an important marker of successful aging, and is associated with housing tenure status and household structure. However, the associations between subjective happiness and combinations of housing tenure status and household structure have not yet been clarified. Therefore, we examined which combinations of housing tenure status and household structure are associated with high or low subjective happiness among community-dwelling elderly people.
Subjects were enrolled by stratified random sampling, and comprised of 1602 elderly persons aged ≥65 years as of January 2017 in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan. The subjects' data were collected via a self-completed questionnaire (effective response rate: 53.4%), and the associations between subjective happiness and combinations of housing tenure status and household structure were analyzed by chi-squared test and logistic regression analysis, controlling the confounding variables such as care support needs, subjective economic status and health status.
The subjects reported significantly decreased subjective happiness when they were a renter living alone (odds ratio [OR] = 0.427 and 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.249, 0.732) and with others (OR = 0.420 and 95% CI = 0.256, 0.687) after adjustment for confounding variables, compared with owner-occupier living with others (referent).
The results of the current study revealed significantly decreased subjective happiness when the subjects were renters regardless of household structure. Therefore, housing tenure status may be a stronger determinant of subjective happiness among community-dwelling elderly people than household structure. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; ••: ••-••.
主观幸福感是成功老龄化的一个重要标志，与住房保有状况和家庭结构有关。然而，主观幸福感与住房保有状况和家庭结构组合之间的关系尚未阐明。因此，我们研究了哪些住房保有状况和家庭结构的组合与社区居住的老年人的主观幸福感较高或较低有关。
通过分层随机抽样纳入研究对象，共纳入日本福岛县 1602 名年龄≥65 岁的老年人。通过自填式问卷收集研究对象的数据（有效应答率：53.4%），并通过卡方检验和逻辑回归分析，在控制了护理支持需求、主观经济状况和健康状况等混杂变量的情况下，分析了主观幸福感与住房保有状况和家庭结构组合之间的关系。
调整混杂变量后，与与他人共同居住的自有住房者（参照）相比，独居的租房者（比值比[OR] = 0.427，95%置信区间[CI] = 0.249，0.732）和与他人共同居住的租房者（OR = 0.420，95% CI = 0.256，0.687）的主观幸福感显著降低。
本研究结果表明，无论家庭结构如何，租房者的主观幸福感明显降低。因此，与家庭结构相比，住房保有状况可能是社区居住的老年人主观幸福感的一个更强决定因素。
