Science Division, Biology Program, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
Nucleus. 2020 Dec;11(1):53-65. doi: 10.1080/19491034.2020.1742066.
In the eukaryotic cell nucleus, cytoskeletal proteins are emerging as essential players in nuclear function. In particular, actin regulates chromatin as part of ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complexes, it modulates transcription and it is incorporated into nascent ribonucleoprotein complexes, accompanying them from the site of transcription to polyribosomes. The nuclear actin pool is undistinguishable from the cytoplasmic one in terms of its ability to undergo polymerization and it has also been implicated in the dynamics of chromatin, regulating heterochromatin segregation at the nuclear lamina and maintaining heterochromatin levels in the nuclear interiors. One of the next frontiers is, therefore, to determine a possible involvement of nuclear actin in the functional architecture of the cell nucleus by regulating the hierarchical organization of chromatin and, thus, genome organization. Here, we discuss the repertoire of these potential actin functions and how they are likely to play a role in the context of cellular differentiation.
在真核细胞核中，细胞骨架蛋白作为核功能的重要参与者而崭露头角。特别是，肌动蛋白作为 ATP 依赖性染色质重塑复合物的一部分调节染色质，调节转录，并整合到新生核糖核蛋白复合物中，伴随它们从转录部位到多核糖体。核肌动蛋白池在聚合能力方面与细胞质中的肌动蛋白池无法区分，并且它也与染色质的动态有关，调节核层处异染色质的分离，并维持核内部的异染色质水平。因此，下一个前沿领域之一是通过调节染色质的层次组织，从而确定核肌动蛋白在细胞核功能结构中的可能参与，进而确定基因组组织。在这里，我们讨论了这些潜在肌动蛋白功能的范围，以及它们在细胞分化背景下可能发挥的作用。
