Sa-Ih Nusaib, Reakkamnuan Chayaporn, Samerphob Nifareeda, Cheaha Dania, Niyomdecha Saree, Kumarnsit Ekkasit
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla, Thailand.
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand.
Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars). 2020;80(1):19-31.
The efficacy of pseudoephedrine (PSE) as a nasal decongestant has been well‑demonstrated; however, PSE is strictly prescribed as a control substance due to its controversial psychostimulant effects. Although standard stimulatory drugs increase exploratory behavior and stimulate the dopamine system, the exact effects of PSE on locomotion and electrical activity in the striatum have not been determined. This study aimed to examine and compare the locomotor activities, local field potential (LFP) and sleep‑wake patterns produced by PSE and morphine, which is a standard drug used to promote psychomotor activity. Male Swiss albino mice were anesthetized and implanted with an intracranial electrode into the striatum. Animals were divided into four groups, which received either saline, PSE or morphine. Locomotor activity and LFP signals were continuously monitored following pseudoephedrine or morphine treatment. One‑way ANOVA revealed that locomotor count was significantly increased by morphine, but not PSE. Frequency analyses of LFP signals using fast Fourier transform also revealed significant increases in spectral powers of low‑ and high‑gamma waves following treatment with morphine, but not PSE. Sleep‑wake analysis also confirmed significant increases in waking and decreases in both non‑rapid eye movement and rapid eye movement sleep following morphine treatment. Sleep‑wakefulness did not appear to be disturbed by PSE treatment. These findings indicate that acute PSE administration, even at high doses, does not have psychostimulatory effects and may be relatively safe for the treatment of non‑chronic nasal congestion.
伪麻黄碱（PSE）作为一种鼻减充血剂的疗效已得到充分证实；然而，由于其具有争议性的精神刺激作用，PSE被严格作为管制物质使用。尽管标准的刺激性药物会增加探索行为并刺激多巴胺系统，但PSE对纹状体运动和电活动的确切影响尚未确定。本研究旨在检查和比较PSE与吗啡（一种用于促进精神运动活动的标准药物）所产生的运动活动、局部场电位（LFP）和睡眠-觉醒模式。将雄性瑞士白化小鼠麻醉后，在其纹状体植入颅内电极。动物被分为四组，分别接受生理盐水、PSE或吗啡。在给予伪麻黄碱或吗啡治疗后，持续监测运动活动和LFP信号。单因素方差分析显示，吗啡可显著增加运动计数，但PSE无此作用。使用快速傅里叶变换对LFP信号进行频率分析也显示，吗啡治疗后低频和高频γ波的频谱功率显著增加，但PSE无此作用。睡眠-觉醒分析也证实，吗啡治疗后觉醒显著增加，非快速眼动睡眠和快速眼动睡眠均减少。PSE治疗似乎并未干扰睡眠-觉醒状态。这些发现表明，即使大剂量急性给予PSE也没有精神刺激作用，可能对治疗非慢性鼻充血相对安全。
