Krulko I, Ustyanenko D, Polischuk V
Taras Shevchenko Kyiv National University, ul. Volodymyrska 64, Kyiv, 01033 Ukraine.
Cytol Genet. 2009;43(1):63-72. doi: 10.3103/S0095452709010113. Epub 2009 Feb 22.
Phenomenon of RNA-induced gene silencing is a highly conservative mechanism among eukaryotic organisms. Several classes of small RNAs (siRNAs and miRNAs) 21-25 nt in length, which play a significant role in the processes of development of an organism, occurred important components of antiviral defence in animals and plants. This review shortly describes the main stages of gene silencing mechanism, features of antiviral RNA silencing in plants, invertebrates, mammals, ways of suppression of RNA-interference by viruses, as well as possible approaches of utilization of abovementioned phenomenon for struggling against viral infections.
RNA诱导的基因沉默现象是真核生物中一种高度保守的机制。几类长度为21 - 25个核苷酸的小RNA（小干扰RNA和微小RNA）在生物体发育过程中发挥着重要作用，是动植物抗病毒防御的重要组成部分。本文简要描述了基因沉默机制的主要阶段、植物、无脊椎动物、哺乳动物中抗病毒RNA沉默的特点、病毒抑制RNA干扰的方式，以及利用上述现象对抗病毒感染的可能途径。
