Ghobadi Akram, Ahmadi Sarbarzeh Pegah, Jalilian Milad, Abdi Alireza, Manouchehri Sara
Nursing Department, Nursing and Midwifery School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Nursing Department, Nursing and Midwifery School, Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2020 Mar 13;13:693-703. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S242431. eCollection 2020.
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by high blood sugar (BS) levels and the change in the metabolism of lipids, carbohydrates, and insulin resistance, and is one of the main causes of disability and mortality worldwide. Among the different types of complications, which have many negative effects on personal and social life, diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is very important. This study aims to investigate the factors affecting the severity of DFU among patients with diabetes.
The study participants included 190 diabetic patients with a diagnosis of DFU. Data were collected using a two-part questionnaire for self-care awareness and functions in diabetic patients and Wagner's scale. The questionnaire was answered in cooperation with patients and the Wagner's score was estimated by a wound supervisor in the diabetes center.
There was 109 women (57.4%). Twenty-six patients had other diabetic complications as well as DFU. The average score of awareness in patients was 6.99±2.76 and the function was 62.22±9.92. The results found a direct relation between the age and the duration of illness with the score of the patient's awareness (=0.008, =0.000). There was also a direct relation between the level of education with score of awareness and the score of function in self-care (=0.000, =0.000), but the statistical results did not find any relation between awareness and the function in self-care of patients with the severity of DFU (>0.05).
There was no relation between the self-care awareness and function with severity of DFU (>0.05) that can be due to the more relation between DFU severity with hygiene and physical factors after the disease and the effect of awareness and function would be only in the incidence of the DFU.
Awareness and function of patients in self-care is less than average. Increasing awareness of patients and empowering them through appropriate training can be effective in preventing diabetic foot ulcers.
糖尿病是一种代谢性疾病，其特征为血糖（BS）水平升高以及脂质、碳水化合物代谢变化和胰岛素抵抗，是全球致残和致死的主要原因之一。在对个人和社会生活有诸多负面影响的不同类型并发症中，糖尿病足溃疡（DFU）非常重要。本研究旨在调查影响糖尿病患者DFU严重程度的因素。
研究参与者包括190名诊断为DFU的糖尿病患者。使用一份关于糖尿病患者自我护理意识和功能的两部分问卷以及瓦格纳量表收集数据。问卷由患者配合回答，瓦格纳评分由糖尿病中心的伤口主管评估。
有109名女性（57.4%）。26名患者除DFU外还有其他糖尿病并发症。患者的意识平均得分为6.99±2.76，功能平均得分为62.22±9.92。结果发现年龄和病程与患者意识得分之间存在直接关系（=0.008，=0.000）。教育水平与意识得分和自我护理功能得分之间也存在直接关系（=0.000，=0.000），但统计结果未发现患者的意识和自我护理功能与DFU严重程度之间存在任何关系（>0.05）。
自我护理意识和功能与DFU严重程度之间不存在关系（>0.05），这可能是由于DFU严重程度与患病后的卫生和身体因素之间的关系更为密切，而意识和功能的影响仅体现在DFU的发病率上。
患者自我护理的意识和功能低于平均水平。提高患者意识并通过适当培训增强他们的能力可能对预防糖尿病足溃疡有效。
