Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh.
School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Jun;27(16):19410-19427. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-08377-0. Epub 2020 Mar 25.
Loom-dye effluent discharge has constituted a major environmental threat to the people of Belkuchi Upazila of Sirajganj District. The present study was conducted to characterize loom-dye effluents and investigate their health implications by the growth analysis of rice and red amaranth seedlings along with a survey study among the individuals associated with loom-dyeing, weaving, and crop farming activities. A total of twenty-eight loom-dye effluent samples were collected for physicochemical characterization; among them, only three loom-dye effluents, i.e. pink, violet, and black dyes, at concentrations of 0, 10, 25, 50, 75, and 100% were applied as irrigation water to rice and red amaranth. The plant growth experiment was laid out following a completely randomized design with three replicas. Chemical analyses of loom-dye effluents showed the presence of a significant amount of plant nutrients and heavy metals. The mean concentrations of Pb, Cd, Cr, Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu were 0.938, 0.046, 0.212, 7.109, 0.609, 0.351, and 0.191 mg L, respectively. Among the metals, the concentrations of Pb, Cr, Fe, and Mn were above the recommended limit proposed by the irrigation water guideline value. Application of ≤ 25% pink and violet dye effluent and ≤ 10% black dye effluent had significant (p < 0.05) and positive impacts on growth and yield parameters. Heavy metal content in seedlings increased with increasing effluent application rate and crossed the utmost permissible limit at higher concentration. Survey data discovered a moderate knowledge level among the respondents, which might account for the indiscriminate discharge of loom-dye effluent into the surrounding environment. Attitudes, practices, and protective behaviours of the respondents also reflect the caused for long-term pollution through loom-dye effluents. To reduce its negative effects on the health and crop environment, the loom-dye effluents should not be discharged indiscriminately and used for crop irrigation without proper treatment. Furthermore, training programs ought to be introduced to educate the individuals involved in the discharge and subsequent use of loom-dye effluents.
loom 染色废水对锡拉杰甘杰县贝尔库奇乌帕齐拉的人民构成了重大的环境威胁。本研究旨在通过水稻和红色苋菜幼苗的生长分析以及对与 loom 染色、编织和作物种植活动相关的个体进行调查研究，对 loom 染色废水进行特征描述并探讨其健康影响。共采集了 28 个 loom 染色废水样本进行理化特性分析；其中，仅将三种 loom 染色废水（粉红色、紫色和黑色染料）以 0、10、25、50、75 和 100%的浓度用作灌溉水应用于水稻和红色苋菜。植物生长实验采用完全随机设计，设三个重复。 loom 染色废水的化学分析表明，存在大量的植物养分和重金属。Pb、Cd、Cr、Fe、Mn、Zn 和 Cu 的平均浓度分别为 0.938、0.046、0.212、7.109、0.609、0.351 和 0.191 mg/L。在这些金属中，Pb、Cr、Fe 和 Mn 的浓度超过了灌溉水指导值所建议的限值。应用 ≤ 25%的粉红色和紫色染料废水和 ≤ 10%的黑色染料废水对生长和产量参数有显著（p < 0.05）和积极的影响。随着废水应用率的增加，幼苗中的重金属含量增加，并在较高浓度下超过了最大允许限量。调查数据发现，受访者的知识水平处于中等水平，这可能是 loom 染色废水随意排放到周围环境的原因之一。受访者的态度、做法和保护行为也反映了 loom 染色废水造成的长期污染。为了减少 loom 染色废水对健康和作物环境的负面影响，应禁止随意排放 loom 染色废水，并在未经适当处理的情况下用于作物灌溉。此外，应引入培训计划，教育与 loom 染色废水排放和后续使用相关的个人。
