Dr. R. P. Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Br J Ophthalmol. 2021 Jan;105(1):9-16. doi: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2019-315754. Epub 2020 Mar 25.
Since its inception in 1905, keratoplasty techniques have continuously evolved. Shaped keratoplasty procedures have allowed corneal surgeons to use complex graft-host junctions and non-circular graft designs to optimise wound strength and healing, facilitate early suture removal and expedite visual rehabilitation. While this was initially limited to penetrating procedures, shaped lamellar keratoplasty techniques have since emerged. Furthermore, the arrival of femtosecond laser has dramatically increased the range of graft designs available to surgeons, due to the technology's ability to precisely cut complex wound edges. This review describes the broad range of shaped keratoplasty grafts currently available and elaborates on their respective advantages and disadvantages in relation to conventional keratoplasty.
自 1905 年以来，角膜移植技术不断发展。成形性角膜移植术使角膜外科医生能够使用复杂的移植物-宿主连接和非圆形移植物设计来优化伤口强度和愈合，便于早期去除缝线并加速视力康复。虽然最初仅限于穿透性手术，但此后出现了成形性板层角膜移植技术。此外，飞秒激光的出现极大地增加了外科医生可获得的移植物设计范围，因为该技术能够精确切割复杂的伤口边缘。本综述描述了目前可获得的广泛的成形性角膜移植供体，并详细阐述了它们与传统角膜移植术相关的各自优缺点。
