Gao Jun, Zeng Lingjie, Cao Changsheng, Ye Wei, Zhang Xu
1School of Mechanical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092 China.
2State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092 China.
Build Simul. 2018;11(1):139-153. doi: 10.1007/s12273-017-0374-z. Epub 2017 May 16.
When a chemical or biological agent is suddenly released into a ventilation system, its dispersion needs to be promptly and accurately detected. In this work, an optimization method for sensors layout in air ductwork was presented. Three optimal objectives were defined, i.e. the minimum detection time, minimum contaminant exposure, and minimum probability of undetected pollution events. Genetic algorithm (GA) method was used to obtain the non-dominated solutions of multiobjectives optimization problem and the global optimal solution was selected among all of the non-dominated solutions by ordering solutions method. Since the biochemical attack occurred in a ventilation system was a random process, two releasing scenarios were proposed, i.e. the uniform and the air volume-based probability distribution. It was found that such a probability distribution affected the results of optimal sensors layout and also resulted in different detect time and different probability of undetected events. It was discussed how the objective functions are being compatible and competitive with each other, and how sensor quantity affect the optimal results and computational load. The impact of changes on other parameters was given, i.e. the deposition coefficient, the air volume distribution and the manual releasing. This work presents an angle of air ductwork design for indoor environment protection and expects to help in realizing the optimized sensor system design for sudden contaminant releasing within ventilation systems.
当化学或生物制剂突然释放到通风系统中时，需要迅速准确地检测其扩散情况。在这项工作中，提出了一种风道系统中传感器布局的优化方法。定义了三个优化目标，即最短检测时间、最低污染物暴露量和未检测到污染事件的最低概率。采用遗传算法（GA）求解多目标优化问题的非支配解，并通过排序法从所有非支配解中选择全局最优解。由于通风系统中发生的生化攻击是一个随机过程，提出了两种释放场景，即均匀分布和基于风量的概率分布。结果发现，这种概率分布会影响最优传感器布局的结果，也会导致不同的检测时间和未检测到事件的不同概率。讨论了目标函数如何相互兼容和竞争，以及传感器数量如何影响最优结果和计算量。给出了其他参数变化的影响，即沉积系数、风量分布和人工释放。这项工作为室内环境保护提供了一种风道系统设计角度，期望有助于实现通风系统中突发污染物释放的优化传感器系统设计。
