Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
J Gambl Stud. 2020 Jun;36(2):513-525. doi: 10.1007/s10899-020-09943-4.
Over half of problem gamblers (PGs; i.e., individuals with an impulse to gamble despite negative consequences) experience a substance use disorder. Explanations for this high rate of comorbidity have included shared clinical and personality factors. While gambling has been associated with substance use disorders in general, relatively few studies have examined the comorbidity of gambling and cocaine use disorders. The current study aimed to address this gap in the literature by comparing the demographic (age, gender, ethnicity, marital status, educational attainment, and employment status), gambling (time and money spent gambling, gambling severity, and motives for gambling), psychological (depression, anxiety, stress, alcohol consumption, nicotine dependency) and personality (trait impulsivity) correlates in a sample of community gamblers with varying degrees of cocaine use; never, recreational, and problematic use as measured by the WHO Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test Version 3 (ASSIST-V3.0). Of the 562 participants, 9.3% (N = 51), reported problematic cocaine use. No differences were found between groups for demographic factors. Problematic cocaine users (PCUs) were more likely to be PGs in comparison to recreational users, and never users. They also presented with increased levels of trait impulsivity, depression, anxiety, stress, and alcohol consumption. These results emphasize the need for increased focus on comorbidity and treatment approaches specifically tailored for individuals with PG and PCU.
超过一半的问题赌徒（PG；即，尽管有负面影响，但仍有赌博冲动的人）患有物质使用障碍。对于这种高合并率的解释包括共同的临床和人格因素。虽然赌博与物质使用障碍总体上有关，但很少有研究检查赌博和可卡因使用障碍的合并症。本研究旨在通过比较具有不同可卡因使用程度的社区赌徒样本中的人口统计学（年龄、性别、种族、婚姻状况、教育程度和就业状况）、赌博（赌博时间和金钱、赌博严重程度和赌博动机）、心理（抑郁、焦虑、压力、酒精消费、尼古丁依赖）和人格（特质冲动）相关性，来解决这一文献中的空白。在 562 名参与者中，有 9.3%（N=51）报告有问题可卡因使用。各组之间在人口统计学因素方面没有差异。与娱乐性使用者和从未使用者相比，有问题可卡因使用者（PCU）更有可能是 PG。他们还表现出更高水平的特质冲动、抑郁、焦虑、压力和酒精消费。这些结果强调了需要更加关注共病，并针对 PG 和 PCU 患者制定专门的治疗方法。
