Curcio Carmen Lucía, Giraldo Andrés Fernando, Gómez Fernando
Programa de Investigaciones en Gerontología y Geriatría, Facultad de Ciencias para la Salud, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia.
Biomedica. 2020 Mar 1;40(1):102-116. doi: 10.7705/biomedica.4799.
Introduction: The healthy aging phenotype is present in those individuals that age with low morbidity, no functional or cognitive deterioration, and retain an acceptable level of wellness and social participation. Objective: To establish the frequency of the healthy aging phenotype in older people in the community using a multidimensional, a biomedical, and a psychosocial model and to identify the predicting factors in each model. Materials and methods: We conducted a cross-sectional, observational and descriptive study. We assessed individuals (n= 402; 50.1% female) aged 65 years or older (69.2 years average) from the urban area of Manizales. The healthy aging phenotype included five domains: biomarkers of physiological and metabolic health, physical capability, cognitive function, and social and psychological wellbeing. We also analyzed sociodemographic- and health-related factors. Results: In the multidimensional model the prevalence of the healthy aging phenotype was 15.5% while in the biomedical model it was 12.3% and in the psychosocial one it was 63.3%. Good self-perceived health was an independent predictor of healthy aging in all the models assessed. Having enough income was a predictor in the biomedical and psychosocial models while being married was the only significant predictor in the psychosocial model. Conclusions: The prevalence of the healthy aging phenotype was low in the biological and multidimensional models (1 of every 10 individuals) and higher in the psychosocial one (6 of every 10 persons). However, independent predictor factors were the same in all models: Self-perceived good or very good health, having enough income and being married.
健康老龄化表型存在于那些发病率低、功能或认知无衰退且保持可接受的健康水平和社会参与度的老年人中。目的：使用多维、生物医学和社会心理模型确定社区老年人中健康老龄化表型的频率，并识别每个模型中的预测因素。材料与方法：我们进行了一项横断面观察性描述性研究。我们评估了来自马尼萨莱斯市区65岁及以上（平均69.2岁）的个体（n = 402；女性占50.1%）。健康老龄化表型包括五个领域：生理和代谢健康生物标志物、身体能力、认知功能以及社会和心理健康。我们还分析了社会人口学和健康相关因素。结果：在多维模型中，健康老龄化表型的患病率为15.5%，而在生物医学模型中为12.3%，在社会心理模型中为63.3%。在所有评估模型中，良好的自我感知健康是健康老龄化的独立预测因素。有足够的收入是生物医学和社会心理模型中的预测因素，而已婚是社会心理模型中唯一显著的预测因素。结论：在生物和多维模型中，健康老龄化表型的患病率较低（每10人中有1人），而在社会心理模型中较高（每10人中有6人）。然而，所有模型中的独立预测因素相同：自我感知良好或非常良好的健康、有足够的收入以及已婚。
