Polo-Ferrero Luis, Sáez-Gutiérrez Susana, Dávila-Marcos Arturo, Barbero-Iglesias Fausto J, Sánchez-Sánchez María C, Puente-González Ana Silvia, Méndez-Sánchez Roberto
Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain.
PLoS One. 2025 Jan 6;20(1):e0313072. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0313072. eCollection 2025.
Sarcopenia is a clinical syndrome characterized by the loss of muscle mass and strength. Hormonal changes that occur early in women may influence protein synthesis and promote muscle atrophy, leading to probable sarcopenia, defined as a loss of muscle strength without an obvious decrease in muscle mass. Various types of exercise have already proven effective in treating sarcopenia. Power training (PT), a subtype of resistance training performed at high speed, has not yet been studied in this population group.
A randomized controlled trial will be conducted with three parallel groups: a PT group, a multicomponent training (MT) group, and a no-exercise group. The inclusion criteria will be women over 65 years of age who meet the diagnostic criteria for probable sarcopenia (Hand grip test less than 16 kg and Five Times Sit to Stand Test more than 15 s) according to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2). Two assessments will be conducted at the beginning and at the end of the 32 weeks of intervention, in which variables of body composition (muscle, fat and weight) and functionality (strength and physical performance) will be collected. There will be 3 sessions of 50 minutes per week in each intervention group. The masking strategy will be double-blind. The analysis of intergroup differences will be conducted using multivariate and univariate analysis of variance (MANOVA and ANOVA), as well as pairwise comparisons (Bonferroni corrections). Changes in the degree of sarcopenia and how many women eliminate the risk of sarcopenia (no probable sarcopenia) after the different interventions will be tested.
The study aims to investigate the impact of PT in older women at risk of sarcopenia. The expected results are that PT will significantly improve functionality and body composition compared to other forms of exercise (MT) and no physical activity. The results may represent a significant advance in understanding and addressing sarcopenia before it becomes established, providing preventive treatment and new tools whose clinical applicability has been studied.
The clinical trial was prospectively registered at ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05870046.
肌肉减少症是一种以肌肉质量和力量丧失为特征的临床综合征。女性早期出现的激素变化可能会影响蛋白质合成并促进肌肉萎缩，导致可能的肌肉减少症，即肌肉力量丧失但肌肉质量无明显下降。各种类型的运动已被证明对治疗肌肉减少症有效。动力训练（PT）是一种高速进行的阻力训练亚型，尚未在该人群中进行研究。
将进行一项随机对照试验，分为三个平行组：PT组、多组分训练（MT）组和无运动组。纳入标准为年龄超过65岁、根据欧洲老年人肌肉减少症工作组（EWGSOP2）的标准符合可能的肌肉减少症诊断标准（握力测试小于16千克且五次坐立试验超过15秒）的女性。在干预的32周开始和结束时进行两次评估，收集身体成分（肌肉、脂肪和体重）和功能（力量和身体表现）变量。每个干预组每周将进行3次每次50分钟的训练。采用双盲的设盲策略。将使用多变量和单变量方差分析（MANOVA和ANOVA）以及两两比较（Bonferroni校正）进行组间差异分析。将测试不同干预后肌肉减少症程度的变化以及有多少女性消除了肌肉减少症风险（无可能的肌肉减少症）。
该研究旨在调查动力训练对有肌肉减少症风险的老年女性的影响。预期结果是，与其他形式的运动（MT）和无体育活动相比，动力训练将显著改善功能和身体成分。这些结果可能代表在肌肉减少症确立之前在理解和解决该问题方面取得了重大进展，提供了临床适用性已得到研究的预防性治疗和新工具。
该临床试验已在ClinicalTrials.gov上进行前瞻性注册，标识符为：NCT05870046。
