Centre for Midwifery, Maternal & Perinatal Health, Bournemouth University, Christchurch Road, Bournemouth, BH1 3LT, United Kingdom.
School of Community Health and Midwifery, University of Central Lancashire, Brook Building, Preston, PR1 2HE, United Kingdom.
Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2020 Aug;67:4-18. doi: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2020.02.006. Epub 2020 Feb 22.
Little is known about the physiology of labour onset at term, and there is a debate about what signs and symptoms should be used to define it. In low resource settings, particularly for remote and rural communities, delay in recognising labour onset may mean a delay in seeking a skilled birth attendant. This chapter presents the most recent evidence about the physiology of labour onset, including the complex neuro-hormonal, biophysical, psychological and emotional factors that contribute. The symptoms of labour onset are explored from the perspective of both pregnant women and service providers in a range of sociocultural contexts. Early labour presents challenges for pregnant women, their families, communities and health care professionals. The chapter discusses how maternity care services should be designed, and delivered to ensure that women get the optimum advice and care at the beginning of labour.
关于足月分娩发动的生理学知识所知甚少，对于应该使用哪些体征和症状来定义分娩发动，目前还存在争议。在资源匮乏的环境下，特别是在偏远和农村社区，对分娩发动的识别延迟可能意味着寻求熟练接生员的时间延迟。本章介绍了关于分娩发动生理学的最新证据，包括促成分娩发动的复杂神经激素、生物物理、心理和情感因素。从不同社会文化背景下的孕妇和服务提供者的角度探讨了分娩发动的症状。临产给孕妇、她们的家庭、社区和卫生保健专业人员带来了挑战。本章讨论了如何设计和提供产妇保健服务，以确保妇女在临产时获得最佳的建议和护理。
