Yong Insung, Oh Seung Won, Kim Pilnam
Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea.
Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea.
Methods Cell Biol. 2020;156:205-231. doi: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2019.12.007. Epub 2020 Jan 22.
An extracellular matrix (ECM) has both biochemical and mechanophysical characteristics obtained from multiple components, which provides cells a dynamic microenvironment. During reciprocal interactions with ECM, the cells actively remodel the matrix, including synthesis, degradation, and chemical modification, which play a pivotal role in various biological events such as disease progression or tissue developmental processes. Since a cell-derived decellularized ECM (cdECM) holds in vivo-like compositional heterogeneity and interconnected fibrillary architecture, it has received much attention as a promising tool for developing more physiological in vitro model systems. Despite these advantages, the cdECM has obvious limitations to mimic versatile ECMs precisely, suggesting the need for improved in vitro modeling to clarify the functions of native ECM. Recent studies propose to tailor the cdECM via biochemically, biomechanically, or incorporation with other systems as a new approach to address the limitations. In this chapter, we summarize the studies that re-engineered the cdECM to examine the features of native ECM in-depth and to increase physiological relevancy.
细胞外基质（ECM）具有从多种成分获得的生化和机械物理特性，为细胞提供了一个动态微环境。在与ECM的相互作用过程中，细胞积极重塑基质，包括合成、降解和化学修饰，这在诸如疾病进展或组织发育过程等各种生物学事件中起关键作用。由于细胞衍生的脱细胞ECM（cdECM）具有体内样的成分异质性和相互连接的纤维结构，它作为开发更具生理学意义的体外模型系统的一种有前景的工具而备受关注。尽管有这些优点，但cdECM在精确模拟多种ECM方面存在明显局限性，这表明需要改进体外建模以阐明天然ECM的功能。最近的研究提出通过生物化学、生物力学方法或与其他系统结合来定制cdECM，作为解决这些局限性的一种新方法。在本章中，我们总结了重新设计cdECM以深入研究天然ECM特征并提高生理学相关性的研究。
